The molecular structure of the interfacial regions of aqueous electrolytes is poorly understood, despite its crucial importance in many biological, technological, and atmospheric processes. A long-term controversy pertains between the standard picture of an ion-free surface layer and the strongly ion specific behavior indicating in many cases significant propensities of simple inorganic ions fo...

Structural and morphological properties of hydronium-potassium jarosite microstructures were investigated in this work, their electrical evaluated. All the synthesized at a very low temperature 70 °C with reduced reaction time 3 h. An increase pH from 0.8 to 2.1 decreased particle sizes µm 200 nm an aging zero, three, seven days resulted semispherical, spherical, euhedral structures, respective...

The surfaces of aqueous solutions are traditionally viewed as devoid of inorganic ions. Molecular simulations and surface-selective spectroscopic techniques show, however, that large polarizable anions and hydronium cations can be found (and even enhanced) at the surface and are involved in chemistry at the air/water interface. Here, we review recent studies of ions at the air/water interface a...

We discuss issues involved with interpreting time-offlight mass spectra (TOFMS) obtained by the Chemical Analyser subsystem of the Cassini Cosmic Dust Analyser (CDA). We use an in-house ion dynamics code specifically written for CDA which helps us to understand and constrain the initial impact plasma ion kinetic energy and angular distributions. We also present some typical results obtained fro...

We present new Herschel observations of the (6,6) and (9,9) inversion transitions of the hydronium ion toward Sagittarius B2(N) and W31C. Sensitive observations toward Sagittarius B2(N) show that the high, ∼500 K, rotational temperatures characterizing the population of the highly-excited metastable H3O + rotational levels are present over a wide range of velocities corresponding to the Sagitta...

For example, in the self-ionization of water we see that two water molecules collide to react and form a hydroxide ion and a hydronium ion. Each reaction begins first by an electrostatic attraction between an electron rich and an electron poor region of the reactants. Hydrogen bonding occurs between the electron deficient hydrogen of one water molecule with the electron rich oxygen of another w...