UNLABELLED Currently, 2 types of phantoms (physical and computer generated) are used for testing and comparing tomographic reconstruction methods. Data from physical phantoms include all physical effects associated with the detection of radiation. However, with physical phantoms it is difficult to control the number of detected counts, simulate the dynamics of uptake and washout, or create mult...

Introduction: Quality assurance in Computed tomography (CT) centers in developing countries are largely hindered by the unavailability of CT phantoms. The development of a local CT phantom for the measurement of organ radiation absorbed dose is therefore requisite. Material and Methods: Local CT phantoms were designed to meet the standard criteria of 32 cm diameter for body, 16 cm diameter for...

It is well acknowledged that the equation of radiative transfer (ERT) provides an accurate prediction of light propagation in biological tissues, while the diffusion approximation (DA) is of limited accuracy for the transport regime. However, ERT-based reconstruction codes require much longer computation times as compared to DA-based reconstruction codes. We introduce here a computationally eff...

BACKGROUND Integrated PET/MRI with hyperpolarized (13)C magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging ((13)C-MRSI) offers simultaneous, dual-modality metabolic imaging. A prerequisite for the use of simultaneous imaging is the absence of interference between the two modalities. This has been documented for a clinical whole-body system using simultaneous (1)H-MRI and PET but never for (13)C-MRSI and ...

Tomosynthesis was developed for mammography, especially breast cancer detection. However, its limited-angular range scan and resultant data incompleteness causes strong image artifacts and distortions. To address this problem, a hybrid imaging method was proposed in our previous work, which combines tomosynthesis and low-resolution CT into a single system to produce fewer artifacts and distorti...

This study aimed to validate a bespoke 3D-printed phantom for use in quality assurance (QA) of 6 degrees-of-freedom (6DoF) treatment couch. A novel design comprising main body with internal cube structures, was fabricated at five centres using Polylactic Acid (PLA) material, an additional produced incorporating PLA-stone hybrid material. Correctional setup shifts were determined image registrat...

PURPOSE To develop a set of conversion factors from dose length product (DLP) to effective dose (E) for pediatric and adult reference individuals undergoing computed tomography (CT) examinations. METHODS This study used 12 hybrid computational phantoms representing reference pediatric and adult individuals in compliance with the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) refer...

The hybrid nature of optoacoustic imaging might impose limitations on concurrent placement of optical and ultrasonic detection components, especially in high resolution microscopic applications that require dense arrangements and miniaturization of components. This hinders optimal deployment of the optical excitation and ultrasonic detection paths, leading to reduction of imaging speed and spat...

Phantoms are often used to simulate tissue during the development, testing and calibration of medical devices. In order to infer the specific absorption rate (SAR) and resistive heating in phantoms from temperature measurements, the specific heat capacity and density of the phantom are needed. Stauffer et al (2003 Int. J. Hyperth. 19 89-101) developed several phantoms that mimic dielectric prop...