background: colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide with more than one million new cases. according to the ministry of health and medical education of iran, colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in iran. many risk factors are known causes of this disease. however, the molecular mechanisms associated with colorectal cancer are still under investigation. rec...

Introduction Twenty years ago, the Human Genome Project made history by announcing sequencing of 92% human genome through development modern genetic techniques. In 2022, complete DNA was announced. This knowledge it possible to better understand how genetics influences functioning body and, at same time, facilitated identification variants that can cause diseases. field cardiology, study assist...

the invention of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) has been a milestone in the history of biological and medical sciences. the applications of pcr have not only completely revolutionised the research in the field of molecular genetics as well as animal and plant biotechnology, but the technique has also proved its relevance and ingenious utility in other fields of forensic sciences, molecular sys...

Molecular detection techniques are believed to be key tools for both prevention and treatment follow up of brucellosis within live stock and human beings. Consequently rapid, reliable, easy to perform and automated systems for Brucella detection are urgently needed to allow early diagnosis and adequate antibiotic therapy in time. Brucellosis is a worldwide re-emerging zoonosis causing high econ...

  Parechoviruses form one of the nine genera in the picornaviridae family, and include two human pathogens: Human parechovirus type1 and 2 (Hpev1 and Hpev2). The genome of picornaviruses encodes a single polyprotein, which undergoes a cleavage cascade performed by virus encoded proteases to give the final virus proteins. The primary cleavage occurs by 2A protein and this step is critical for vi...