The successful development of a number of HIV-1 protease (PR) inhibitors for the treatment of AIDS has validated the utilization of retroviral PRs as drug targets and necessitated their detailed structural study. Here we report the structure of a complex of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) PR with a substrate-based inhibitor bound in subsites P5 through P5'. Although HTLV-1 PR exhibi...

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), and the viral oncoprotein Tax plays key roles in the immortalization of human T cells, lifelong persistent infection, and leukemogenesis. We herein identify the ubiquitin-specific protease 10 (USP10) as a Tax-interactor in HTLV-1-infected T cells. USP10 is an antistress factor against various en...

The main mode of mother-to-child transmission the human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV)-1 is through breastfeeding. Although most reliable nutritional regimen to prevent HTLV-1 exclusive formula feeding, a recent meta-analysis revealed that short-term breastfeeding within 90 days does not increase risk infection. protocol Japanese Health, Labor, and Welfare Science Research Group primarily recomme...

Os vírus linfotrópicos de células T humanas (HTLV) foram os primeiros retrovírus potencialmente oncogênicos a serem descobertos e isolados no mundo. Estima-se que 15 20 milhões pessoas estejam infectadas pelo vírus. Até atualidade, quatro variantes descobertas descritas: HTLV-1, 2, 3 4. Destas, apenas o HTLV-1 2 parecem estar distribuídos globalmente, possuindo relevância clínica epidemiológica...

Background: The northeast of Iran is one the endemic regions human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1). This study aimed to evaluate relationship between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and HTLV-1 infection in Iran, an area for HTLV-1. Methods: In this case-control study, paraffin-embedded tissue samples patients with definitive were evaluated presence genome by polymerase chain reaction retrosp...

Background: Retroviruses of human T-lymphotropic viruses (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) have been demonstrated to be endemic in the north-eastern region of Iran. This study aims to determine HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 prevalence among healthy individuals in Neyshabur City during 2010-2014. Methods: A total of 8054 blood samples were collected from healthy participants in Neyshabur, North-Eastern Iran. The blood sa...

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Only a limited percentage of infected individuals develop disease in response to the virus while the majority remain asymptomatic and HAM/TSP is the most common clinical manifestation of the virus. HAM/TSP is an inflamma...