Numerous studies have examined the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on women’s mental health and menstrual cycles. However, most these only included outpatients with COVID-19, whereas information hospitalised women is minimal. ACE 2 essential for SAR-CoV2 virus to enter human cells ovary. Since it stimulates steroid secretion, aids in follicle development oocyte growth, influences ovulation, mainta...

Background—The frequency of dietary protein bound vitamin B12 malabsorption in elderly patients remains controversial. Aims—To evaluate this malabsorption in elderly hospitalised patients using a modified Schilling test. Patients—Fourteen elderly patients with low B12 blood levels were prospectively selected from 394 hospitalised patients. Methods—The modified Schilling test was performed with ...

Limited data are available regarding the risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) and VTE prophylaxis use in hospitalised medically ill patients. We analysed data from the global ENDORSE survey to evaluate VTE risk and prophylaxis use in this population according to diagnosis, baseline characteristics, and country. Data on patient characteristics, VTE risk, and prophylaxis use were abstracted from...

BACKGROUND Acute hypoxic respiratory failure (AHRF) is associated with significant acute mortality. It is unclear whether later mortality is predominantly driven by pre-existing comorbid disease, the acute inciting event or is the result of AHRF itself. METHODS Observational cohort study of elderly US Health and Retirement Study (HRS) participants in fee-for-service Medicare (1998-2012). Pati...

I examine two kinds of arguments in favour of imposing restrictions on smoking by hospitalised psychiatric patients. First, I look at patient-centered arguments in favour of restrictions. These arguments focus on the benefits that patients will receive if their smoking is stopped or curtailed. Second, I examine arguments that seek to justify restrictions by citing the costs that smokers impose ...

BACKGROUND Despite having the highest disease burden of HIV, Sub-Saharan Africa has limited data on HIV related kidney disease with most available data coming from the developed countries. Kidney disease is a recognised complication in HIV infected patients presenting with acute renal failure (ARF) or chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study investigated the prevalence and risk factors associat...