human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) protease inhibitors comprise an important class of drugs used in hiv treatments. however, mutations of protease genes accelerated by low fidelity of reverse transcriptase yield drug resistant mutants of reduced affinities for the inhibitors. this problem is considered to be a serious barrier against hiv treatment for the foreseeable future. in this st...

background and objectives: intravenous drug using is a main risk factor for getting infected with hiv, hepatitis b and c viruses. the syphilis is a common infection. the aim of this study was to investigate the seroepidemiology of hiv, syphilis, hepatitis b and c among the intravenous drug users (idus) at loghman hakim hospital, tehran. materials & methods: a descriptive (cross- sectional) stud...

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitors comprise an important class of drugs used in HIV treatments. However, mutations of protease genes accelerated by low fidelity of reverse transcriptase yield drug resistant mutants of reduced affinities for the inhibitors. This problem is considered to be a serious barrier against HIV treatment for the foreseeable future. In this st...

Background: The horror of HIV/AIDS as a non-curable, grueling disease is a destructive issue for every country. Drug use, shared needles and unsafe sex are closely linked to the transmission of HIV/AIDS. Modification or changing unhealthy behavior through educational programs can lead to HIV prevention. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of theory-based education intervention ...

background the increase in high-risk injections and unsafe sexual behaviors has led to increased hiv infection prevalence among intravenous drug users (idus). the high costs of hiv/aids care and low financial resources necessitate an economic evaluation to make the best decision for the control of hiv/aids. objectives this study was conducted to determine the cost-effectiveness of methadone mai...

Background: Injecting drug users (IDUs) and prisoners are considered to be highly vulnerable to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Iran. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of HIV infection among IDUs released from jail in Bahar (Hamadan, Iran). Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 118 IDUs who were prisoners during 2001-07 were evaluated. Their demographic and p...

abstract background: the introduction of antiretroviral therapy has caused a remarkable decrease in the occurrence of diseases and mortality among hiv‑positive patients, while this success has not been achieved among injection addicts due to a low adherence to antiretroviral medicine. this study aims at clarifying the important factors affecting adherence to treatment in addicts suffering from ...

background: gp41 of hiv (human immunodeficiency virus) is a protein that mediates fusion between viral and cellular membranes. the agent, t-20, which has been approved for hiv inhibition, can restrain gp41 function in the fusion process; nevertheless, it has disadvantages like instability, high cost of production and injection form to be delivered twice a day. methods: several molecules like nb...