One day in December 2019 I knew something was badly amiss. Russian President Vladimir Putin had called a meeting with the leaders of Commonwealth Independent States – vague post-Soviet association former Soviet republics that semi-defer to Russia order discuss history. Not just discuss: he actually brought thick stack archival documents meeting, which, said, demonstrated certain truths about hi...

Abstract It is impossible to cover the history of global migrations in one chapter. The literature on migration has increased rapidly since 1980s. This increase more-or-less line with publications control and management. number about much less. chapter will cannot not past 2000 years, but rather it look critically at data collections, present biases , give a helicopter view major migrations.