Steels containing sufficient concentrations of silicon tend to form a low melting temperature oxide called fayalite, which then penetrates both the steel and any other oxide to form a mechanical key. As a consequence, routine descaling operations fail to remove all traces of FeO that remain attached to the final product and oxidise to form a red oxide blemish on the surface. The formation of ox...

This paper reports recent advances in batch mode micro-electro-discharge machining (μEDM) for high precision micromachining of metal alloys such as stainless steel. High-aspect-ratio silicon microstructures with fine feature sizes formed by deep reactive ion etching are used as cutting tools. To machine workpiece features with widths 10 μm, a silicon dioxide coating is necessary to passivate th...

This paper reports the design and fabrication of a micromachined silicon pin that serves as a novel contact-printing tool. More specific application is in the DNA and protein microarray field for small and precise droplet printing onto a solid support. Our goal is to develop low cost, high performance silicon pins as simple replacement of the stainless-steel pins used in typical microarray robo...

This paper presents the characterization and analysis of a 16.8%-efficient 18 um silicon solar cell on steel substrate. Photoluminescence (PL) is used to monitor the solar cell’s fabrication step by step, and a correlation between PL intensity and implied open circuit voltage is established. PL images yield spatially resolved maps of key electrical parameters such as dark reverse saturation cur...

This study designed a detachable and standardized toroidal test frame to measure the electromagnetic characteristic of toroidal laminated silicon steel specimens. The purpose of the design was to provide the measurements with standardized and controlled environment. The device also can withstand high temperatures (25-300°C) for short time period to allow high temperature tests. The accompanying...

We fabricated thin ®lm transistors in polycrystalline silicon on steel substrates. The polycrystalline silicon ®lms were made by thermally annealing hydrogenated amorphous silicon precursor ®lms, which had been deposited on stainless steel coated with 0.5 lm thick 810°C-annealed SiO2. We employed annealing temperatures ranging from 600°C, which is the furnace annealing temperature limit for con...

Slag-based silicate fertilizer has been widely used to improve soil silicon- availability and crop productivity. A consecutive early rice-late rice rotation experiment was conducted to test the impacts of steel slag on soil pH, silicon availability, rice growth and metals-immobilization in paddy soil. Our results show that application of slag at a rate above higher or equal to 1 600 mg plant-av...

Within the Fives Group, Fives Stein, Fives DMS and Fives Bronx design and supply a wide range of production, transformation and treatment lines for carbon, stainless and silicon steel. From pickling and annealing lines to the continuous galvanizing line, from rolling mills to tube and pipe mills, our teams will offer you their expertise and the best available technologies to achieve the highest...