We document a relationship between income inequality and variability in aggregate consumption growth. In high-income countries, greater income inequality is associated with more volatility in consumption growth, whereas in lower-income countries, higher levels of income inequality are associated with less volatility. We present weaker evidence that variability in real GDP growth is also related...

BACKGROUND Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The World Health Organisation (WHO) collects mortality data coded using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD) code. METHODS We analysed IHD deaths world-wide between 1995 and 2009 and used the UN population database to calculate age-specific and directly and indirectly age-standardised I...

abstract this study investigates casual relationship between co2 emission and gross domestic product per capita in five different country groups, using cross- country data for the period 1960-2007. to achieve the purpose, the co- integration test and error correction models are applied. results confirm casual relationships between the two variables. a unilateral relationship between gdp and co2...