Traveling to high altitudes can expose the eye to reduced ambient cold and low-pressure environments. These conditions can affect the physiology of the eye and may result in ocular problems and visual disturbances. In this paper, ocular disorders related to high altitudes are briefly reviewed. Then, high-altitude ocular disorders are categorized in three parts: those related to dry and cold env...

Corresponding Author: Johan Jendle, M.D., Ph.D., Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Karlstad Hospital, SE-65185 Karlstad, Sweden; email address [email protected] Airplane flight results in exposure to hypobaric conditions. At cruising altitude, usually 10,000 to 13,000 meters (~30,000 to 42,000 feet), the pressure in the cabin is 0.75 atm, which is 75% of the pressure measured at sea level. The d...

Experiments with the electron gun on the SCATHA satellite produced evidence of beam-plasma interactions, and heating of the low energy electrons around the satellite. These experiments were conduct ed near geosynchronous orbit, in the dusk bulge, and plasma sheet, with one short operation in the lobe regions, providing a range of ambient plasma densities. The electron gun was operated at 50 eV,...