Abstract This study establishes that women slave-owners were specifically inscribed into South Carolina’s laws on slave management from the first decades of English colonization. Mistresses explicitly named alongside masters or incorporated gender-neutral rubric owner in a common understanding absolute ownership and authority over enslaved people was as much rooted female mastery male. Remarkab...

A significant number of HER-2 amplified breast cancers is effectively treated by trastuzumab and further shows receptor-enhanced chemosensitivity. Recent studies have postulated transactivation of HER-2 also in tumors expressing phosphorylated/activated HER-2 (pHER-2) and of the HER-3/HER-4 ligand heregulin (HRG), independent of HER-2 amplification. As a consequence, a subset of tumors without ...