Canadian deuterium uranium (CANDU) pressurized heavy-water reactors produce 14C by neutron activation of trace quantities of nitrogen in annular gas and reactor components (14N(n,p)14C), and from 170 in the heavy water moderator by (170(n,a)14C). The radiocarbon produced in the moderator is removed on ion exchange resins incorporated in the water purification systems; however, a much smaller ga...

In this paper, discrete time higher integer order linear transfer function models have been identified first for a 500 MWe Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR) which has highly nonlinear dynamical nature. Linear discrete time models of the nonlinear nuclear reactor have been identified around eight different operating points (power reduction or step-back conditions) with least square estimato...

Five Euratom projects launched since 2017 in support of the development ESNII/Generation-IV reactor systems are briefly presented paper terms key objectives, results, and recommendations for future. These focus on various aspects following systems: Sodium Fast Reactor, Gas Cooled Supercritical Water Molten Salt Reactor. The does not consider EU focused Gen-IV technologies based use heavy metals...

India has chalked out a nuclear power program based on its domestic resource position of uranium and thorium. The first stage started with setting up the Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors (PHWR) based on natural uranium and pressure tube technology. In the second phase, the fissile material base will be multiplied in Fast Breeder Reactors using the plutonium obtained from the PHWRs. Considering ...