To date very little is known about the relation between regional circulation patterns and sea surface temperature development in the Niño 1,2 region and the occurrence of heavy precipitation in Ecuador and northern Peru. The current study uses a comprehensive data set of 2544 Meteosat-3 imagery to investigate the dynamics of heavy precipitation during El Niño in 1991/92. Rainfall maps are retri...

Observed regional rainfall characteristics can be analyzed by examining both the frequency and intensity of different categories of rainfall. A complementary approach is to consider rainfall characteristics associated with regional synoptic regimes. These two approaches are combined here to examine daily rainfall characteristics over the Australian region, providing a target for model simulatio...

The frequency of moderate to heavy rainfall events is projected to change in response to global warming. Here we show that these hydrologic changes may have a profound effect on mosquito population dynamics and rates of mosquito-borne disease transmission. We develop a simple model, which treats the mosquito reproductive cycle as a phase oscillator that responds to rainfall frequency forcing. T...

BACKGROUND The river Göta Älv is a source of freshwater for 0.7 million swedes. The river is subject to contamination from sewer systems discharge and runoff from agricultural lands. Climate models projects an increase in precipitation and heavy rainfall in this region. This study aimed to determine how daily rainfall causes variation in indicators of pathogen loads, to increase knowledge of va...

This paper presents a methodology for detecting summer rainfall enhancement within a metropolitan area. The chosen study domain is the Atlanta, Georgia USA metropolitan area, and the time period covers summer (i.e. June–August) seasons from 1949 to 2005. In order to determine if observed heavy-rainfall frequencies at nine candidate stations in the metropolitan area are enhanced, predicted frequ...

Though many amphibians breed in response to rainfall, rainfall can create substantial risks as well as benefits. For species that breed in ephemeral ponds and puddles, heavy rainfall can create many ‘‘false’’ ponds that quickly desiccate, particularly in wet years. As a result, nightly responses to rainfall may vary depending on seasonal or yearly rainfall. I used two years of data and previous...

In order to estimate the rainfall fields over an entire basin raingauge, pointwise measurements need to be interpolated and the small-scale variability of rainfall fields can lead to biases in the rain rate estimation over an entire basin, above all for small or medium size mountainous and urban catchments. For these reasons, several raingauges should be installed in different places in order t...

introductionmany aspect strongly influence regional climate includes localized surface processes, large-scale patterns, especially mid and upper level tropospheric circulation and many factors control precipitation in the west of iran includes location of emigrate westerly winds systems, jet streams location, humidity flux and topography. upper tropospheric jet stream constitutes a significant ...

Background & objectives: Heavy metals enter water sources in many ways and cause hazards such as poisoning and carcinogenesis in the living organisms. This study aimed to investigate the concentration of heavy metals (arsenic, mercury, and cadmium) in the Yamchi Reservoir Dam and Ardabil drinking water distribution network in high and low rainfall seasons in 2018. Methods: In this cross-sectio...

sociated with several days of heavy rainfall from typhoons. Therefore, the typhoons may be the reason for high incidence in October–December. The annual incidence of leptospirosis in Taiwan is relatively lower than that in other countries with tropical or subtropical climates. Our study does not conclusively document the reason for lower incidence, although it does suggest an association betwee...