By the past two decades IPMCs have been intensively studied because of their special capabilities for actuation and sensing.This paper presents a theoretical physics based model for analyzing the behavior of IPMC sensors in fluid environments. The mechanical vibration of the IPMC strip is described by the classical Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. The model also takes in to account the physical pro...

581 *Lieutenant Colonel, U.S. Army; Health Services Command Radiation Protection Staff Officer, Fort Sam Houston, Texas 78234-6000; formerly Chief, Health Physics Division, U.S. Army Environmental Hygiene Agency †Chief, Industrial Health Physics Branch, Health Physics Division, U.S. Army Environmental Hygiene Agency ‡Captain, U.S. Army; Chief, Medical Health Physics Branch, U.S. Army Environmen...

functionals were discovered and used by volterra over a century ago in his study of the motions of viscous elastic materials and electromagnetic fields. the need to precisely account for the qualitative effects of the cohesion and shape of the domains of these functionals was the major impetus to the development of the branch of mathematics known as topology, and today large numbers of mathemat...