The central importance of HbA 1c in monitoring glycaemic control was highlighted by the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) which showed that improved glycaemic control, as monitored by HbA 1c , delayed the onset of diabetic complications. Following this publication the issue of international standardisation of glycated haemoglobin (GHb) measurements became an important objective. T...

OBJECTIVE To describe the distribution of HbA(1c) levels among children and young adults in the U.S. and to evaluate the effects of age, sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, parental history of diabetes, overweight, and serum glucose on HbA(1c) levels. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We analyzed HbA(1c) data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994, for 7,9...

OBJECTIVE To assess the pattern of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) requests by clinicians from eight health departments by calculating indicators of demand appropriateness. METHODS A cross-sectional study of the number of HbA(1c) requests by primary care clinics in 2008 and 2009. The indicator of demand appropriateness was the proportion of HbA(1c) values lower than 6.5%. Variables were col...

OBJECTIVE The A1C-Derived Average Glucose (ADAG) study demonstrated a linear relationship between HbA(1c) and mean plasma glucose (MPG). As glucose variability (GV) may contribute to glycation, we examined the association of several glucose variability indices and the MPG-HbA(1c) relationship. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Analyses included 268 patients with type 1 diabetes and 159 with type 2 ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the incidence and relative risk of type 2 diabetes defined by the newly proposed HbA(1c) diagnostic criteria in groups categorized by different baseline HbA(1c) levels. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using data from the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk cohort with repeat HbA(1c) measurements, we estimated the prevalence of known and previously und...

AIMS With increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome (MS), the importance of early detection of insulin resistance is emphasized. However, a simple and practical method of measurement is not readily available. Therefore, we examined the sensitivity and specificity of HbA(1c) for predicting impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and MS and its association with cardiovascular risk ...

OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of monotherapy using nateglinide and the thiazolidinedione troglitazone with initial combination of the two agents on glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled by diet alone. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study consisted of a 28-week, double-blind, randomized, multicenter study that included a 4-week, single-blin...

OBJECTIVE To characterize the association of low HbA(1c) values (<4.0%) with liver enzymes and steatosis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Cross-sectional study of 12,533 participants without diabetes aged <20 years in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994). Logistic regression models were adjusted for demographic, lifestyle, and health status variables. RESULTS H...

OBJECTIVE Several studies have suggested that HbA(1c) levels may predict incident diabetes. With new recommendations for use of HbA(1c) in diagnosing diabetes, many patients with HbA(1c) results below the diagnostic threshold will be identified. Clinicians will need to categorize risk for a subsequent diabetic diagnosis in such patients. The objective of this study was to determine the ability ...

4-Hydroxy benzylideneacetone (4-HBA) is an organic synthesis intermediate and can be used as a precursor for the of raspberry ketone. Herein, 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate aldolase (DERA) was overexpressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) attractive catalyst enzymatic aldol reactions. The reaction between 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (4-HBD) acetone to biosynthesize 4-HBA catalyzed by whole-cell (pRSF-Deoc). yiel...