Bag-of-words approaches to information retrieval (IR) are effective but assume independence between words. The Hyperspace Analogue to Language (HAL) is a cognitively motivated and validated semantic space model that captures statistical dependencies between words by considering their co-occurrences in a surrounding window of text. HAL has been successfully applied to query expansion in IR, but ...

Introduction: Although there is evidence that hexaminolevulinate (HAL)-based transurethral bladder tumor resection (TURBT) improves the detection of Ta-T1 non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) as well as carcinoma in situ there is uncertainty about its beneficial effects on progression. Material and Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted according to the PRISMA statement to ...

We evaluated the effect of the halothane (HAL) gene on the quality of pork in domestic pigs. Half-carcasses from two different commercial pig (Sus domestica) crossbreeds were analyzed, 46 of which were homozygous dominant (HAL(NN)) and 69 of which were heterozygous (HAL(Nn)) for the halothane gene. The measures included backfat thickness, lean meat percentage, carcass weight, pH 24 h after slau...

background: the principal aim of this study was therefore to investigate association between family history of osteo porotic hip fracture, bmd and femur geometry in bushehr city in south of iran. methods: in this cross-sectional study, data were obtained from iranian multi-center osteoporosis study (imos) in bushehr. healthy men and women aged 50 to 75 years were selected based on randomized cl...

Syntheses of a series of novel germanium complexes, viz. RN(CH(2)CH(2)NC(6)F(5))(2)GeHal(2) (, R = Me, Hal = Cl; , R = Me, Hal = Br; , R = PhCH(2), Hal = Cl; , R = PhCH(2), Hal = Br), as well as MeN[CH(2)(2-C(4)H(3)N)](2)GeHal(2) (, Hal = Cl; , Hal = Br), by the reaction of GeHal(4) with dilithium salts of corresponding triamines are presented. PhCH(2)N(CH(2)CH(2)NSiMe(3))(2)GeCl(2) () was prep...

A systematic in vitro study was carried out to elucidate the enzymes responsible for the metabolism of haloperidol (HAL) using human liver microsomes and recombinant human cytochrome P450 isoenzymes. In the first series of experiments, recombinant cytochrome P450 (P450) isoenzymes were used to evaluate their catalytic involvement in the metabolic pathways of HAL. Recombinant CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and...

New World bats have recently been discovered to harbor influenza A virus (FLUAV)-related viruses, termed bat-associated influenza A-like viruses (batFLUAV). The internal proteins of batFLUAV are functional in mammalian cells. In contrast, no biological functionality could be demonstrated for the surface proteins, hemagglutinin (HA)-like (HAL) and neuraminidase (NA)-like (NAL), and these protein...

Although the effects of haloperidol (HAL) have been extensively examined in experimental animals at the cellular and brain regional levels, the effects of prolonged HAL treatment on functional connectivity in the brain have not yet been addressed. Here we used expression of the immediate early gene zif268 as a marker of neural activity to examine changes in brain regional interactivity after 12...