AIM To study the causes and significance of both microscopic and macroscopic haematuria in adult patients and assess possible relevance to early detection of urological cancers. METHODS 417 patients presenting with haematuria were assessed in our Urology Unit. Following confirmation of haematuria, these patients were subjected to imaging techniques and flexible cystoscopy. Parameters analysed...

Allergic reactions are only rarely taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis of urological disorders (Campbell, 1951; Dees and Simmons, 1951). Histologically speaking, however, allergic reactions are just as capable of occurring in the urinary tract as they are in the respiratory or digestive tracts. Thus mast cells and histamine are to be found everywhere in the normal bladder wal...

Of all the patients attending a department of genitourinary medicine during a 10-month period, about 2% (1 out of 50) presented with haematuria, or haematuria was discovered on initial examination. In about 25% of cases, the haematuria was due to Escherichia coli infection of the lower genitourinary tract. Gonococcal infection was the next commonest cause; one patient with gonorrhoea presented ...

Over 7 years, 130 children were referred for prolonged isolated haematuria of unknown cause. In 34 instances, haematuria was also found in one or more family members. In 23 of these families (18% of all referrals for isolated haematuria), investigation and follow-up, for periods of 5 to 10 years, of the index cases and of 56 haematuric relatives showed no evidence of renal disease and no other ...

Of 91 children with idiopathic persistent or recurrent haematuria, eight also had hypercalciuria. This was transient in three and persistent in five. Persistent hypercalciuria was a rare cause of microscopic haematuria (two of 80), but common in association with gross haematuria (three of 11).