abstract the problems caused by the traditional system of criminal justice (which are based on remuneration and rehabilitation) such as, lack of attention to victim’s rights and position and society, underlie the emergence of restorative justice which had the victim-centered perspective, with respect to the role of the offender and participation of civil society. meanwhile, criminal mediation ...

The necessity of employing similar terms and literature in the field of Islamic sciences and especially the study of hadith is one of the subjects which have been neglected by Muslim scholars. Of these sciences is the science of understanding hadith which is known by different names, such as “the principles of hadith”, “the term hadith” and “the rules of hadith”. These titles are more common in...

this dissertation has six chapter and tree appendices. chapter 1 introduces the thesis proposal including description of problem, key questions, hypothesis, backgrounds and review of literature, research objectives, methodology and theoretical concepts (key terms) taken the literature and facilitate an understanding of national security, national interest and turkish- israeli relations concepts...

The Quranic Muqatta'a letters are one of the Quranic topics about which scholars expressed different viewpoints. Considering the interpretation of these letters and the intention of God, many various views have been mentioned. Some narrations are found to interpret these letters. For example, a hadith in Maani al-Akhbar of Sheikh Saduq has interpreted all these letters. This hadith is assumed t...

Experts in criticism and amendment have criticized some narrators of hadith because of some attributes, special moral traits or particular convictions. Belief in exaggeration and authorization is one of the factors which the narrators in earlier sources of transmitters of hadith have considered blameworthy. This phenomenon was widespread among the transmitters of the hadith of the Imams in th...

Experts in criticism and amendment have criticized some narrators of hadith because of some attributes, special moral traits or particular convictions. Belief in exaggeration and authorization is one of the factors which the narrators in earlier sources of transmitters of hadith have considered blameworthy. This phenomenon was widespread among the transmitters of the hadith of the Imams in th...