Wheat flours are used to produce bread, pasta, breakfast cereals, and biscuits; the various properties of these end-products are attributed to the gluten content, produced as seed storage proteins in the wheat endosperm. Thus, genes encoding gluten protein are major targets of wheat breeders aiming to improve the various properties of wheat flour. Here, we describe a novel compensating wheat-Th...

Isoenzyme variation of esterase, peroxidase and acid phosphatase was examined in individual plants from natural populations of A. cristatum, D. villosum and L. elongatum. Four indices of phenotypic similarity (SI, S, D, Ih) were calculated in an attempt to assess relationships among the taxa studied. All indices have their lowest estimates in the comparison between L. elongatum and D. villosum....

Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is one of the most infectious bacterial pathogens known and is classified as a category A select agent and a facultative intracellular bacterium. Why F. tularensis subsp. tularensis causes a more severe form of tularemia than F. tularensis subsp. holarctica does is not known. In this study, we have identified prominent phenotypic differe...

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium are antigenically and genetically very similar organisms; however, they differ markedly in their virulence for cattle. We evaluated the capacity of bovine macrophages infected with M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis or M. avium subsp. avium to express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II antige...

An additional method for differentiating between Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni and C. fetus subsp. intestinalis is reported. Strains of C. fetus subsp. jejuni (18/20) were shown to hydrolyze hippurate in the 2-h rapid test, whereas strains of C. fetus subsp. intestinalis did not.

Erwinia carotovora subsp. betavasculorum strains produced a bactericidal antibiotic in vitro that inhibited a wide spectrum of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The optimum temperature for production was 24 degrees C, and the addition of glycerol to culture media enhanced antibiotic production. Antibiotic production by these strains in the infection court of potato was the principal det...

this study evaluated the antimicrobial activities of two lactic acid bacteria, lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis i23 and lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis e91, against brochothrix thermosphacta in pork meat during storage at ambient temperature (30°c) for 168 h. the lab strains and the spoilage organism were inoculated on fresh pork samples at 1×106 cfug-1. results showed about 3 log reduction in...

Hesperocyparis (Cupressus) goveniana and putative Cupressus goveniana subsp. gibsonensis plus H. pygmaea were analyzed by Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSRs). The ISSRs analyses support the continued recognition H. pygmaea and H. goveniana, but the recognition of Cupressus goveniana subsp. gibsonensis Silba was not supported. Phytologia 91(2):277-286 (August, 2009).

The small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) encoding genes from reference strains of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. smithia and Haemophilus piscium were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and cloned into Escherichia coli cells. Almost the entire SSU rRNA gene sequence (1505 nucleotides) from both organisms was determined. These DNA sequences were compared with those previously described from A...

The FASTPlaqueTB assay is an established diagnostic aid for the rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from human sputum samples. Using the FASTPlaqueTB assay reagents, viable Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis cells were detected as phage plaques in just 24 h. The bacteriophage used does not infect M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis alone, so to add specificity to this assay, a P...