Accumulating evidence indicates that secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) enzymes promote atherogenic processes. We have previously showed the presence of Group V sPLA2 (GV sPLA2) in human and mouse atherosclerotic lesions, its hydrolysis of low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, and the ability of GV sPLA2-modified LDL (GV-LDL) to induce macrophage foam cell formation in vitro. The goal of thi...

Circulation of a new dengue virus (DENV)-3 genotype was recently described in Brazil and Colombia, but the precise classification of this genotype has been controversial. Here we perform phylogenetic and nucleotide-distance analyses of the envelope gene, which support the subdivision of DENV-3 strains into five distinct genotypes (GI to GV) and confirm the classification of the new South Americ...

The primary therapeutic target for diabetes management is the achievement of good glycemic control, of which glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) remains the standard clinical marker. However, glycemic variability (GV; the amplitude, frequency, and duration of glycemic fluctuations around mean blood glucose) is an emerging target for blood glucose control. A growing body of evidence supports GV as an in...

Total sixty four straight run broiler chicks of two daysold were fed a control diet and diet supplemented with Fungi inhibitor (FI): Gentian violet (GV), Copper sulphate (CS), GV+CSto evaluate the effect of dietary FI on the performance characteristics of broiler. The levels of GV, CS and GV+CS were 0.05%, 0.06% and 0.025%+0.06%, respectively. Dietary FI did not alter the growth rate, feed inta...

Definition 1.1 (see [1]). A triple (X ,M,∗), where X is an arbitrary set, ∗ is a continuous t-norm, andM is a fuzzy set on X2× (0,∞), is said to be a fuzzy metric space (in the sense of George and Veeramani) if the following conditions are satisfied for all x, y ∈ X and s, t > 0: (GV-1) M(x, y, t) > 0; (GV-2) M(x, y, t)= 1 if and only if x = y; (GV-3) M(x, y, t)=M(y,x, t); (GV-4) M(x, y,·) is c...

The genome of the Choristoneura occidentalis granulovirus (ChocGV) isolated from the western spruce budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis, was sequenced completely. It was 104,710 bp long, with a 67.3% A+T content and contained 116 potential open reading frames (ORFs) covering 88.4% of the genome. Of these, 29 ORFs were conserved in all fully sequenced baculovirus genomes, 30 were GV-specific, 53...

Generalized vitiligo (GV) is a complex disease in which patchy depigmentation results from autoimmune loss of melanocytes from affected regions. Genetic analyses of GV span six decades, with the goal of understanding biological mechanisms and elucidating pathways that underlie the disease. The earliest studies attempted to describe the mode of inheritance and genetic epidemiology. Early genetic...

BACKGROUND Griseoviridin (GV) and viridogrisein (VG, also referred as etamycin), both biosynthesized by a distinct 105 kb biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) in Streptomyces griseoviridis NRRL 2427, are a pair of synergistic streptogramin antibiotics and very important in treating infections of many multi-drug resistant microorganisms. Three transporter genes, sgvT1-T3 have been discovered within t...

BACKGROUND The role of glycemic variability (GV) in development of cardiovascular diseases remains controversial, and factors that determine glucose fluctuation in patients with diabetes are unknown. We investigated relationships between GV indices, kinds of oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs), and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS We analyzed 2...