The hypoglossal nerve plays an important role in speech and swallowing. Despite the nerves important function, damage to the nerve does not usually present with any functional loss or symptoms that would be overtly noticeable to most patients [1,2]. Patients may become aware of such lesions when brushing their teeth or when visiting a dentist. Causes of hypoglossal nerve palsy include intracran...

Objective: Our study aimed to identify the most common subtypes of Guillian Barre Syndrome in our sample group and evaluate their electrophysiological features better understand disorder. Materials methods: Between January 2020 February 2021, we gathered information from patients diagnosed with referred Neurology department at Lady Reading Hospital. Results: We enrolled 39 people Syndrome; 26 w...

Endotracheal intubation plays a key role in the management of upper airway obstruction in emergency situations. It is non-invasive and easily learned technique by medical professionals as compared to other more skilled, surgical procedures, e.g., tracheostomy and cricothyrotomies etc. But prolonged intubation may result in numerous complications, most notorious being tracheoesophageal fistula a...

Enteric fever still continue to be rampant in our country. Despite the availability of effective antimicrobials, it is still associated with a fairly high incidence of serious complications. Aphasia, acute cerebellar ataxia, perceptive nerve deafness, Guillian Barre syndrome, toxic encephalopathy, transverse myelitis and optic neuritis are known neurological complications of enteric fever(l). S...

of illnesses with varied etiology. They range from clearly infectious diseases such as progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy to hereditary metabolic disorders such as adrenoleucodystrophy and metachromatic leucodystrophy to a group of disorders of unknown etiology (Table 14.1). Whether multiple sclerosis (MS) and its variants comprise a single disease with a highly varied course or a group...

The recent Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic has been linked to unusual and severe clinical manifestations including microcephaly in fetuses of infected pregnant women and Guillian-Barré syndrome in adults. Neutralizing antibodies present a possible therapeutic approach to prevent and control ZIKV infection. Here we present a 6.2 Å resolution three-dimensional cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM) structu...

In 1992 surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases was introduced in Malaysia along with the establishment of a national referral laboratory at the Institute for Medical Research. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence, viral etiology and clinical picture of AFP cases below 15 years of age, reported from 2002 to 2007. Six hundred seventy-eight of 688 reported cases ...

Guillain-Barré syndrome is a postinfectious, autoimmune neuropathy resulting in neuromuscular paralysis. Auto-antibodies, often induced by bacterial infection, bind to human gangliosides possessing monosialoside and diasialoside epitopes and impair the function of nerve junctions, where these ganglioside structures are highly enriched. Truncated gangliosides representive of GD3, GQ1b and GM2 ep...