The GSO projection in the twisted sector of orbifold background is sometimes subtle and incompatible descriptions are found in literatures. Here, from the equivalence of partition functions in NSR and GS formalisms, we give a simple rule of GSO projection for the chiral rings of string theory in C/Zn, r = 1, 2, 3. Necessary constructions of chiral rings are given by explicit mode analysis. ∗Wor...

A necessary step when developing next generation systems is to understand the tasks that operators will perform. One NextGen concept under evaluation termed Single Pilot Operations (SPO) is designed to improve the efficiency of airline operations. This SPO concept includes a Pilot on Board (PoB), a Ground Station Operator (GSO), and automation. A number of procedural changes are likely to resul...

Optimistic concurrency control highly takes advantage of parallelism because there is no delay by lock. Unfortunately, I/O operations by transactions and cache operations are delayed in the optimistic concurrency control. In order to reduce such delay, we combine cache coherency control and optimistic concurrency control rather than they operate in separate. In this paper, we propose optimistic...

This note compares the performance of two multidimensional search and optimization algorithms: Group Search Optimizer and Central Force Optimization. GSO is a new state-of-theart algorithm that has gained some notoriety, consequently providing an excellent yardstick for measuring the performance of other algorithms. CFO is a novel deterministic metaheuristic that has performed well against GSO ...

The goal of Guided Self-Organization (GSO) is to leverage the strengths of selforganization while still being able to direct the outcome of the self-organizing process. GSO typically has the following features: (i) an increase in organization (structure and/or functionality) over some time; (ii) the local interactions are not explicitly guided by any external agent; and (iii) task-independent o...

Biosurfaces are universally covered with fluid microfilms containing reduced glutathione (GSH) and other antioxidants whose putative roles include the detoxification of ambient ozone (O(3)). It is generally believed that O(3) accepts an electron from the thiolate GS(2-) function [pK(a)(GS(-)) = 8.8] of GSH to produce thiyl GS(*-) radicals en route to the disulfide GSSG. Here, we report novel el...

Self-organisation occurs in natural phenomena when a spontaneous increase in order is produced by the interactions of elements of a complex system. Thermodynamically, this increase must be offset by production of entropy which, broadly speaking, can be understood as a decrease in order. Ideally, self-organisation can be used to guide the system towards a desired regime or state, while “exportin...

0 7 4 0 7 4 5 9 / 0 1 / $ 1 0 . 0 0 © 2 0 0 1 I E E E Advice for potential GSO clients recommends starting small, at home, and with programmers.3 Many client organizations have followed this advice, putting a toe into the GSO waters through small-scale body shopping—for example, having Indian subcontractor staff come over to the client site to complete a minor, noncritical piece of coding or co...

In this paper we propose a new distributed double guided hybrid algorithm combining the particle swarm optimization (PSO) with genetic algorithms (GA) to resolve maximal constraint satisfaction problems (Max-CSPs). It consists on a multi-agent approach inspired by a centralized version of hybrid algorithm called Genetical Swarm Optimization (GSO). Our approach consists of a set of evolutionary ...