Biosynthetic transport from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the plasma membrane (PM) is mediated by secretory vesicles. We analyzed secretory vesicle transport in real time using a GFP-tagged secretory protein, hCgB-GFP, consisting of human chromogranin B (hCgB) and green fluorescent protein (GFP). The fusion protein was expressed transiently in Vero cells or in a stable clone after induction ...

Green fluorescent protein, GFP, is a spontaneously fluorescent protein isolated from coelenterates, such as the Pacific jellyfish, Aequorea victoria, or from the sea pansy, Renilla reniformis. Its role is to transduce the blue chemiluminescence of aequorin, into green fluorescent light by energy transfer. The molecular cloning of GFP cDNA and the expression of GFP as a functional transgene has ...

The introduction of several mutations resulted in the generation of improved mutants of the green fluorescent protein (GFP). A strong green (GFPsg25) and blue (BFPsg50) fluorescent protein, gave 50-fold-100-fold brighter fluorescence compared to wild-type GFP and BFP (Tyr66His), respectively, upon expression in mammalian cells. GFPsg25 and BFPsg50 have different excitation and emission maxima. ...

In the few years since its gene was first cloned, the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein (GFP) has become a powerful tool in cell biology, functioning as a marker for gene expression, protein localization and protein dynamics in living cells. GFP variants with improved fluorescence intensity and altered spectral characteristics have been identified, but additional GFP variants are stil...

In recent years diverse photolabeling techniques using green fluorescent protein (GFP)-like proteins have been reported1–7, including photoactivatable PA-GFP1, photoactivatable protein Kaede2, the DsRed ‘greening’ technique3 and kindling fluorescent proteins6,7. So far, only PA-GFP, which is monomeric and gives 100-fold fluorescence contrast, could be applied for protein tracking. Here we descr...

Chitosan-graft-polyethylenimine (CHI-g-PEI) copolymer has been used for theimprovement of low transfection efficiency of chitosan. The present study aims to test thepulmonary toxicity and efficiency of CHI-g-PEI as an aerosol gene carrier. Mice were exposedto aerosol containing green-fluorescent protein (GFP)-polyethylenimine (PEI) or GFP-CHIg-PEI complexes for 30 min during the development of ...

Figure 1. Fluorescent protein fusions in Candida albicans. Useful fluorescent markers for tracking subcellular structures in C. albicans include: DAPI (DNA); Nop1-GFP (green fluorescent protein, localizing to the nucleolus); Hhf1-GFP (chromatin); Tub2-GFP (microtubules, green); and Tub4-mCherry fluorescent protein (spindle pole bodies, red). Micrographs courtesy of Shelly Applen and Benjamin Ha...