The Vacuum Tower Telescope (VTT) at the Observatorio del Teide/Tenerife was used to perform speckle observations of photospheric granulation from disc centre to limb at λ = 550 ± 5 nm. Images were reconstructed with the spectral ratio technique (von der Lühe 1984) and the speckle masking method (Weigelt 1977, Weigelt & Wirnitzer 1983, Lohmann et al. 1983). The granular rms contrast relative to ...

Granular computing is an emerging field of study focusing on structured thinking, structured problem solving and structured information processing with multiple levels of granularity [1, 2, 7, 8, 13, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 29]. Many theories may be interpreted in terms of granular computing. The main objective of this chapter is to examine the granular structures and approximations used in...

The detail structure of the wave function is analyzed at various refinement levels using the methods of wavelet analysis. The eigenvalue problem of a model system is solved in granular Hilbert spaces, and the trajectory of the eigenstates is traced in terms of the resolution. An adaptive method is developed for identifying the fine structure localization regions, where further refinement of the...

Granular computing (GrC) is a methodology or – as ambitious at it sounds – a paradigm in computer science the aim of which is to define and solve computational problems in terms of information granules. These granules are conceived as clumps of objects drawn together due to some criteria such as, e.g., similarity, indiscernibility or functionality. The present paper is concerned with the rough ...

This paper reports "work in progress" on a project which I've titled, "The Spaces of Transnational Cultures". The aim of the project is to build on, but be methodologically different from, my earlier research on the architecture and urbanism of colonial and postcolonial cities in which the principal objective had been to demonstrate the inherently constitutive relationship between the political...

Structure of Rough Approximations Based on Molecular Lattices p. 69 Rough Approximations under Level Fuzzy Sets p. 78 Fuzzy-Rough Modus Ponens and Modus Tollens as a Basis for Approximate Reasoning p. 84 Logic and Rough Sets Rough Truth, Consequence, Consistency and Belief Revision p. 95 A Note on Ziarko's Variable Precision Rough Set Model and Nonmonotonic Reasoning p. 103 Fuzzy Reasoning Base...

When dynamic network exhibits extremely complex behavior and keeps on changing all the time, the energy efficiency is the most important key-point of routing algorithm. Many empirical measurements are inadequate to represent dynamic networks. However, the quotient space theory is an in-depth treatment of hierarchical problem solving, and powerful abilities of representation with different granu...

Hierarchy plays a crucial role in the development of the granular computing(GrC). Presently, a lot of hierarchies have been studied for characterizing the finer or coarser relationships among information granulations, which are derived from the crisp binary relations. To further improve the existing results, not only the fuzzy information granulations derived from the fuzzy binary relations are...

'Space and place are central to the strategies and meaning of protest’ (p. xi) reads the opening sentence of Katrina Navickas's latest study, Protest and the Politics of Space and Place 1789–1848. Written, in part, as a response to the 'spatial turn' in History, Navickas makes a cogent and persuasive argument for attending to the importance of the particularities of 'place' rather than the abst...