The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of deductive instruction of grammar with input enhancement and without using input enhancement. It also explored the effectiveness of inductive instruction of grammar with input enhancement and without input enhancement among Iranian EFL learners. The participants were female intermediate-level students who were studying English a...

Abstract Recent research has confirmed the predictive effect of general foreign language (FL) achievement on Foreign Language Enjoyment (FLE) and Classroom Anxiety (FLCA). However, few studies have examined domain-specific in shaping FL learning emotions. The present study thus aims to examine how FLE FLCA are linked overall self-perceived six different domains across listening, speaking, readi...

The paper discusses the reasons for the observed variation in the sequencing, speed and content of reform policies, in the 1990s, among 25 post-socialist countries of Central Europe and the Former Soviet Union. It argues that these differences, while considerable in the early 1990s, did not amount to as substantially different reform strategies as it was often claimed and, in any case, have for...

School leaders’ influence on student achievement is largely indirect. Using systematic review techniques, this paper assesses the impact that leaders have on their students when they focus their improvement efforts on those teacher emotions or dispositions known to have direct effects on teaching and learning in the classroom. Building on an earlier conceptions of how leadership influences stud...

In the English language teaching process, every phase is paramount for achievement of its goals. At beginning classes, teachers might bring an ice breaker. Based on previous studies, breaker considered a crucial component in EFL classes. Considering prominence breakers, researcher regards importance literature study about especially grammar class. frequently complicated element. Besides, nowada...

Based on the research findings and discussion in previous chapter, it can be concluded that use of weekly quizzes improves grammar achievement eleventh year students MAN 1 Makassar academic 2017/2018. It beseen from significant difference score between pretest posttest after giving treatment.