PURPOSE We aimed to assess reliability of the evaluation of osteophytes and subchondral cysts on tomosynthesis images when read by radiologists with different levels of expertise. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty subjects aged >40 years had both knees evaluated using tomosynthesis. Images were read by an "experienced" reader (musculoskeletal radiologist with prior experience) and an "inexperienced...

let r be a g-graded ring and m be a g-graded r-module. in this article, we introduce the concept of graded weakly classical prime submodules and give some properties of such submodules.

For more than 40 years, the profession of optometry has relied upon an established series of graded reading passages and norms to evaluate the mechanics of reading. Educational Developmental Laboratories (EDL) initially copyrighted these stories in 1958.1 The passages tested students from first grade to adult levels. These same stories have continued as the gold standard with a number of differ...

This article reports on a longitudinal study the impact of reading mode incidental collocation learning and predictors gains. The experiment lasted 11 weeks involved 118 Vietnamese EFL learners who were assigned to an experimental group no-treatment control group. encountered 32 target collocations in three graded readers modes: reading-while-listening, with textual input enhancement (i.e., und...

Young children experience difficulty with the present reading charts, and it may not be easy to decide whether this is due to visual problems or is associated with a deficient reading ability of the material presented to them. A reading chart has therefore been designed containing material graded according to the expected average ability for different age groups. The earlier grades use 'school ...

Among foreign language educators interest in extensive reading is growing along with questions about learner motivation to read. Maintaining learner motivation over long periods of time is influenced by many variables suggesting that multiple means of stimulating motivation is needed. The psychological theory of flow has been suggested to influence motivation and engagement in reading. This stu...

Background: It is known that problems with binocular vision can cause issues for reading, less well known is to what extent binocular vision improves reading performance. A key aim for this project was to estimate the contribution of binocularity in reading in healthy subjects, and in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). A second aim was to evaluate the role of eye dominance in rea...