A brief survey is given of how motoneurons and motor units are used for the gradation of muscle force during motor behavior. Basic properties of motoneurons and muscle fibers, including major kinds of functional specialization along the axis of 'fast' vs. 'slow', are reviewed. The principles underlying the rate and recruitment gradation of force are described, stressing that the properties of m...

First time, an analytical two-dimensional (2D) elasticity solution for arbitrarily supported axially functionally graded (FG) beam is developed. Linear gradation of the material property along the axis of the beam is considered. Using the strain displacement and constitutive relations, governing partial differential equations (PDEs) is obtained by employing Ressiner mixed var...

This paper gives a procedure to control the size variation in a mesh adaption scheme where the size speci cation (the so-called control space) is used to govern the mesh generation stage. The method consists in replacing the initial control space by a reduced one by means of size or metric. It allows to improve, a priori, the quality of the adapted mesh and to speed up the adaption procedure. S...

Noticing certain limitations of concept lattices in the fuzzy context, especially view their practical applications, this paper, we propose a more general approach based on what call graded preconcept lattices. We believe that is adequate for dealing with information then one consider two possible gradation methods lattice—an inner one, called D-gradation and an outer M-gradation, study propert...

This paper concentrates on the evaluation of reliability measures of a computer system by introducing the concept of priority of hardware repair over software up-gradation. The system operates with one more hardware in cold standby. The failure times of hardware and software are independent random variables which follow negative exponential distribution. The repair facility (called server) atte...

This paper concentrates on the evaluation of reliability measures of a computer system by introducing the concept of priority of hardware repair over software up-gradation. The system operates with one more hardware in cold standby. The failure times of hardware and software are independent random variables which follow negative exponential distribution. The repair facility (called server) atte...