Glycyrrhizin, an abundant bioactive component of the medicinal licorice root is rapidly metabolized by gut commensal bacteria into 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GRA). Either or both of these compounds have been shown to have antiviral, anti-hepatotoxic, anti-ulcerative, anti-tumor, anti-allergenic and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro or in vivo. In this study, the ability of GRA to modulate immun...

In this paper, a graphical algorithm (GrA) is presented for an investment optimization problem. This algorithm is based on the same Bellman equations as the best known dynamic programming algorithm (DPA) for the problem but the GrA has several advantages in comparison with the DPA. Based on this GrA, a fully-polynomial time approximation scheme is proposed having the best known running time. Th...

Glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism (GRA) is rare familial form of primary aldosteronism characterized by a normalization of hypertension with the administration of glucocorticoids. We present a case of GRA and thoracoabdominal aneurysm complicated by multiple aortic dissections requiring complex surgical and endovascular repairs. Registry studies have shown a high rate of intracranial aneu...

AIM The aim of this paper is to explore issues surrounding the implementation of a generic rehabilitation assistant (GRA) to provide ward-based rehabilitation after critical illness. BACKGROUND Following critical illness a range of both physical and psychological problems can occur that include muscle wasting and weakness, fatigue, reduced appetite, post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depressi...

the purpose of the present study was to explore the passive and electrically assisted transdermal transport of granisetron hydrochloride (gra) in solution and gel formulation through iontophoresis and also the feasibility of delivering therapeutic amounts of drug for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. in this study, iontophoretic permeation of gra through guinea pig skin...

Cytolytic granule-mediated target cell killing is effected in part through synergistic action of the membrane-acting protein perforin and serine proteases such as granzymes A (GrA) or B (GrB). In the present study we examine GrA cellular entry and nuclear uptake in intact mouse myeloid FDC-P1 cells exposed to perforin using confocal laser scanning microscopy, as well as reconstitute GrA nuclear...

     The purpose of the present study was to explore the passive and electrically assisted transdermal transport of Granisetron hydrochloride (GRA) in solution and gel formulation through iontophoresis and also the feasibility of delivering therapeutic amounts of drug for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. In this study, iontophoretic permeation of GRA through guinea pig...

project selection is considered as an important problem in project management. it is multi-criteria in nature and is based on various quantitative and qualitative factors. the main purpose of this paper is to present a new rank-based method for project selection in outranking relation. according to this approach, decision alternatives were clustered in the concordance matrix and the discordance...

Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen in humans and causes serious problems due to antibiotic resistance. We investigated the antimicrobial effect of glycyrrhetinic acid (GRA) and its derivatives against 50 clinical S. aureus strains, including 18 methicillin-resistant strains. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of GRA, dipotassium glycyrrhizate, disodium succinoyl glycyrrhetinate...