We report an ELISA-type titertray assay for autoantibodies against the ganglioside GM1. Trays were coated with ganglioside GM1 and reacted with patients' sera; bound IgM was detected with rabbit antibody to human IgM. High-titer serum from a patient was used as calibrator, another patient's serum as the positive control, and the GM1-specific cholera toxin as the control for GM1 coating. Regress...

Cell polarization is a process of coordinated cellular rearrangements that prepare the cell for migration. GM1 is synthesized in the Golgi apparatus and localized in membrane microdomains that appear at the leading edge of polarized cells, but the mechanism by which GM1 accumulates asymmetrically is unknown. The Golgi apparatus itself becomes oriented toward the leading edge during cell polariz...

The present study investigated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for estimating degeneration of the central nervous system (CNS) in experimental dogs with GM1 gangliosidosis and preliminarily evaluated the efficacy of long-term glucocorticoid therapy for GM1 gangliosidosis using the biomarkers identified here. GM1 gangliosidosis, a lysosomal storage disease that affects the brain and multipl...

Rat embryonic mesencephalic cultures were employed to evaluate the consequences of adding GM1 ganglioside to cultures lesioned with the selective neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+). MPP+ reduced dopamine and DOPAC content, dopamine uptake, aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase activity, and the number of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunopositive neurons. The immunopositive neurons that remai...

In order to study the endocytosis of membrane lipids during the development of neuronal polarity, we examined the internalization of a short acyl chain fluorescent derivative of ganglioside GM1, N-(6-(4-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole-7-yl)-aminohexanoyl)-GM1 (C6-NBD-GM1), in hippocampal neurons cultured at low density. C6-NBD-GM1 was internalized by temperature- and energy-dependent mechanisms, an...

Gangliosides and the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) tipically partition in specialized membrane microdomains called lipid-rafts. uPAR becomes functionally important in fostering angiogenesis in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) upon recruitment in caveolar-lipid rafts. Moreover, cell membrane enrichment with exogenous GM1 ganglioside is pro-angiogenic and opposite to the acti...

Taking advantage of the ability of pentameric cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) to bind selectively to GM1, we developed recently a CTB-mediated GM1 lipid vesicle delivery system to target drugs and proteins to mucosal tissues [1]. In this report, we present the use of such a strategy to deliver an HIV envelope protein (HIV-env) to mucosal tissues via intranasal route. Intranasal administration of ...

BACKGROUND GM1-gangliosidosis is a glycosphingolipid (GSL) lysosomal storage disease caused by a genetic deficiency of acid β-galactosidase (βgal), which results in the accumulation of GM1-ganglioside and its asialo-form (GA1) primarily in the CNS. Age of onset ranges from infancy to adulthood, and excessive ganglioside accumulation produces progressive neurodegeneration and psychomotor retarda...

Gangliosides play important roles in the control of several biological processes, including proliferation and transmembrane signaling. In this study, we demonstrate the effect of ganglioside GM1 on the proliferation of mouse induced pluripotent stem cells (miPSCs). The proliferation rate of miPSCs was lower than in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Fluorescence activated cell sorting analysis...

In order to evaluate the usefulness of liposomes, which are stable in acidic solution, bile and pancreatin solution (stable liposomes), as vehicle for oral vaccines, the intestinal IgA antibody responses of mice to liposome-associated antigen after oral administration were examined. The intestinal IgA antibody responses against ganglioside GM1 were detected after the oral immunization of gangli...