The relationship between Golgi and cell surface membranes of intestinal cells was studied. These membranes were isolated from intestinal crypt cells and villus cells. The villus cell membranes consisted of microvillus membrane, a Golgi-rich fraction, and two membrane fractions interpreted as representing lateral-basal membranes. The villus cell microvillus membrane was purified by previously pu...

aims: in our previous studies, we showed the inhibitory effects of punica granatum l. flower and rhus coriaria l. fruit water extracts on dental plaque accumulation by several bacteria, especially streptococcus mutans (s. mutans), on orthodontic wire by in vitro assays. in this study, the anti-cariogenic properties of the extracts were evaluated by assessing their effects on expression of glyco...

The dystroglycanopathies are a novel group of human muscular dystrophies due to mutations in known or putative glycosyltransferase enzymes. They share the common pathological feature of a hypoglycosylated form of alpha-dystroglycan, diminishing its ability to bind extracellular matrix ligands. The LARGE glycosyltransferase is mutated in both the myodystrophy mouse and congenital muscular dystro...

Glucosylceramides are membrane lipids in most eukaryotic organisms and in a few bacteria. The physiological functions of these glycolipids have only been documented in mammalian cells, whereas very little information is available of their roles in plants, fungi, and bacteria. In an attempt to establish appropriate experimental systems to study glucosylceramide functions in these organisms, we p...

Model organisms containing deletion or mutation in a glycosyltransferase-gene exhibit various physiological abnormalities, suggesting that specific glycan motifs on certain proteins play important roles in vivo. Identification of the target proteins of glycosyltransferase isozymes is the key to understand the roles of glycans. Here, we demonstrated the proteome-scale identification of the targe...

Glycosyltransferase cascade: Fusion with the binding module Zbasic2 enables facile, one-step purification-immobilization of sialic acid synthetase and ?2,3-sialyltransferase on anionic carrier. The immobilized enzymes are recyclable catalysts for one-pot cascade synthesis sialo-oligosaccharides.

The essential process of peptidoglycan synthesis requires two enzymatic activities, transpeptidation and transglycosylation. While the PBP2 and PBP3 transpeptidases perform highly specialized functions that are widely conserved, the specific roles of different glycosyltransferases are poorly understood. For example, Caulobacter crescentus encodes six glycosyltransferase paralogs of largely unkn...

glycosyltransferase. the enzyme as a cyclodextrin thermosulfurigenes EM1 and reclassification of alpha-amylase of Thermoanaerobacterium Cyclodextrin formation by the thermostable

Chemoenzymatic syntheses of several NDP-carba-sugars have been successfully carried out, and these essential cofactor analogues are expected to be selective inhibitors of glycosyltransferase enzymes.