The multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1) and the canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter (cMOAT or MRP2) are ATP-binding cassette transporters that confer resistance to some anticancer drugs and efflux glutathione and glucuronate conjugates from the cell. The MRP subfamily of ABC transporters, however, contains at least four other members of which MRP3 (MOAT-D) bears the...

13,-3H, 24-"qLithocholic, chenodeoxycholic, and cholic acids were administered in tracer bolus doses either prograde or retrograde in the isolated perfused rat liver. Little 3H loss from cholic acid was observed, whereas with the other bile acids, 20-40% of the administered 3H was lost in a single pass from perfusate to bile. Most of the 3H loss occurred rapidly (5 min) and was recovered as IHl...

Bile of the rat and of other species stimulates the uptake of @-carotene from a micellar solution of Tween 40 (polyoxyethylene anhydrosorbitol monopalmitate) and its cleavage into retinol ester by intestinal sections of the rat incubated in vitro. Sodium glycocholate and several other conjugated bile acids substitute completely for bile. Glycocholate also stimulates @-carotene cleavage by intes...

THESE EXPERIMENTS SUGGEST THE FOLLOWING CONCLUSIONS CONCERNING HEMOLYTIC ACTION: 1. It is probably the proteid part of the serum which inhibits the bile salts. 2. The cholalic acid group is the active part of the bile salt molecule. 3. The protection afforded by bile salts against serum is of especial interest from the following considerations: (a) The protective action is a property apparently...

The fully enzymatic Wako and Ektachem assays for pancreatic lipase in serum were found to yield precise (especially Ektachem) and consistent results that were significantly correlated (r = 0.995). Less good concordance was found with the turbidimetric aca method, results being on several occasions above normal by Wako or Ektachem but within the reference limit by the aca. Supplementation of aca...

1. Abstract: The objective of this work was to develop suitable film formulations of ketorolac tromethamine (KT) for transdermal use and to investigate the effect of film composition and permeation enhancers on the in-vitro release and skin permeation of the drug. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC), and chitosan were used as film-forming polymers. The adhesive hydrop...

The biliary excretion rates of bile acid, lecithin, and cholesterol were measured in unanesthetized dogs after interruption of enterohepatic circulation and during infusions of sodium taurocholate, sodium glycocholate, sodium dehydrocholate, SC2644 (a bicyclic organic acid with high choleretic potency), and secretin. Both lecithin output and cholesterol output were directly related to bile acid...