Maternal stress is a common adversity during pregnancy. Gestational corticosterone alternations are thought to contribute to the etiology of postpartum behavioral disturbances. However, the impact of stress during pregnancy, in particular noise exposure, on gestational corticosterone fluctuations and spatial cognition in postpartum mice has not been fully understood yet. We hypothesized that no...

BACKGROUND Azithromycin is an azalide antibiotic with an extensive range of indications and has become a common treatment option due to its convenient dosing regimen and therapeutic advantages. Human studies addressing gestational use of azithromycin have primarily focused on antibiotic efficacy rather than fetal safety. Our primary objective was to evaluate the possibility of teratogenic risk ...

A number of studies have documented associations between maternal air pollution exposure and adverse birth outcomes such as low birth weight. However, only limited information exists for air pollution vis-à-vis pregnancy complications, which may share some underlying mechanisms with poor birth outcomes. A new study now reports an association between exposure to nitrogen oxides (NOX) and two pre...

Background: Due to little attention to the combined effect of diabetes and pregnancy on mother an infant’s microelements in literatures. This study aimed to compare newborns growth parameters, Apgar score, the cord blood zinc, magnesium, calcium and phosphor between pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted ...

Context: Experimental research using animals and correlational studies with humans provide strong evidence that exposure to gestational cigarette smoke can foster long-term risk for obesity and metabolic syndrome in offspring. Objective: To estimate the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and the development of adiposity by middle childhood in a sample of typically developing ...

BACKGROUND Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure during gestation may increase the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)-a developmental lung condition primarily seen in neonates that is characterized by hypoalveolarization, decreased angiogenesis, and diminished surfactant protein production and may increase the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether gest...

OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that pre-eclampsia is a risk factor for cerebral palsy mediated through preterm birth and being born small for gestational age. DESIGN Population based cohort study. SETTING Clinical data from the Norwegian Cerebral Palsy Registry were linked with perinatal data prospectively recorded by the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. PARTICIPANTS All singleton babi...

BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies associate inhalation of fine-sized particulate matter (PM2.5) during pregnancy with preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW) but disagree over which time frames are most sensitive, or if effects are cumulative. OBJECTIVES Our objective was to provide experimental plausibility for epidemiological observations by testing the hypothesis that exposure to P...