seismic retrofit strategies have been developed in the past few decades following the introduction of new seismic provisions and the availability of advanced materials and methods. it can be observed that new approaches to deal with more lateral forces are more innovative and more energy absorbent. in line with this, there is a growing trend toward the use of steel shear walls as a system with ...

Knotting designs ornaments and geometric patterns in Islamic art have many common features. Perfection and implementation of knotting designs ornaments and the use of geometric patterns in Islamic Iran both refer to the Seljuk period. Qajar-era Chinese knot ornaments and geometric patterns had many ups and downs connected with the arrival of wild-Maby. During that period Iranian culture was und...

Domes and their proportions play an important role in the visual aesthetics of Islamic architecture. Despite the importance of this element of Iranian architec­ture, no significant studies have been conducted on its geometric proportions. Previous researches are mainly concerned with their history, drawing meth­ods, formal typology and structural-climatic charac­teristics. The first question of...

a semi-empirical mathematical model for predicting physical part of ignition delay period in the combustion of direct - injection diesel engines with swirl is developed . this model based on a single droplet evaporation model . the governing equations , namely , equations of droplet motion , heat and mass transfer were solved simultaneously using a rung-kutta step by step unmerical method . the...

implicit and unobserved errors and vulnerabilities issues usually arise in cryptographic protocols and especially in authentication protocols. this may enable an attacker to make serious damages to the desired system, such as having the access to or changing secret documents, interfering in bank transactions, having access to users’ accounts, or may be having the control all over the syste...