Background and Aim: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is one of the most common lesions in the oral mucosa. The etiopathogenesis of RAS is not clear. RAS is multifactorial, and several factors can contribute to RAS development. This study aimed to evaluate the RAS prevalence and some related factors in 12-17-year-old schoolchildren in Zahedan City (Southeast of Iran). Materials and Methods: ...

Transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) is an autocrine growth factor for human cancer. Overexpression of TGF-alpha and its specific receptor, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), is associated with aggressive disease and poor prognosis. The EGFR has been proposed as a target for anticancer therapy. Compounds that block ligand-induced EGFR activation have been developed. ZD-1839 (I...

Purpose: In colorectal cancer, the activation of the intracellular RAS–RAF and PIK3CA–AKT pathways has been implicated in the resistance to anti-EGFR mAbs. We have investigated the role of regorafenib, an oral multikinase inhibitor, in combination with cetuximab, an anti-EGFRmAb, to overcome anti-EGFR resistance. Experimental Design: We have tested, in vitro and in vivo, the effects of regorafe...

PURPOSE The EGFR-independent activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/MAPK pathway is one of the resistance mechanisms to cetuximab. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We have evaluated, in vitro and in vivo, the effects of BAY 86-9766, a selective MEK1/2 inhibitor, in a panel of human colorectal cancer cell lines with primary or acquired resistance to cetuximab. RESULTS Among the colorectal cancer cell lines, five ...

RIT1, (Ras-like without CAAX1), the founding member of a novel branch of the Ras subfamily, mediates a wide variety of cellular functions, including cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation, and it may play crucial oncogenic role in human cancer. The purpose of the current study was to characterize the expression pattern of RIT1 and assess the clinical significance of RIT1 expression i...

The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a multi-billion-dollar collection of ongoing and planned Chinese projects in Pakistan ranging from infrastructure development to the establishment special economic zones sharing technical expertise by China. For China, it an integral part its ambitious Belt Road Initiative (BRI) through which aims establish hegemony Eurasia Africa. Pakistan, opport...

renal artery stenosis (ras) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension. preliminary data indicate that aspirin renography with hippurate may be more sensitive for detection ras. in this study 20 patients with known or suspected ras underwent aspirin renography (20 mg/kg orally 1 hour before injection of radiotracer) and captopril renography (50 mg orally) with 99mtc-dtpa. renal angiogra...

Background Hypertension is linked to Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) risk, although the mechanisms remain unclear. The renin angiotensin system (RAS), critical for blood pressure homeostasis, thought contribute AD pathology, and targeted RAS therapies are under current clinical investigation. To further evaluate neurobiological of in AD, study leveraged two transgenic mouse models compare behavioral c...