Genetic susceptibility testing for common complex disease is a practice that is currently in clinical use. There are two types of gene mutations, and therefore, two varieties of genotype testing: deterministic and susceptibility. As the term suggests, deterministic genes determine whether or not a person will develop a given trait in Mendelian fashion, such as Huntington’s disease. Genotype scr...

Voltage-gated sodium channels are critical determinants of nerve and muscle excitability. Although numerous toxins and small molecules target sodium channels, identifying the mechanisms of action is challenging. Here we used gating-pore currents selectively generated in each of the voltage-sensors from the four a-subunit domains (DI–DIV) to monitor the activity of individual voltage-sensors and...

ComiR is a web tool for combinatorial microRNA (miRNA) target prediction. Given an messenger RNA (mRNA) in human, mouse, fly or worm genomes, ComiR computes the potential of being targeted by a set of miRNAs, each of which can have zero, one or more targets on its 30untranslated region. In determining the regulatory potential of an mRNA from a set of miRNAs, ComiR uses user-provided miRNA expre...

s of oral and poster presentations given at the 6th International Workshop on Grapevine Trunk Diseases, Florence, Italy, 1–3 September 2008 The 6th International Workshop on Grapevine Trunk Diseases, was held in Florence, Italy, on September 1–3, 2008, and was attended by 120 participants. Thirty-four oral presentations and 59 posters were presented at the meeting, dealing with esca and other t...

Time-dependent inhibition (TDI) of the cytochrome P450 (P450) family of enzymes is usually studied in human liver microsomes (HLM) by investigating whether the inhibitory potency is increased with increased incubation times. The presented work was initiated after a discrepancy was observed for the TDI of an important P450 enzyme, CYP3A4, during early studies of the investigational drug compound...

For 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxy-N-[(2S,4S)-1-ethyl-2-hydroxymethyl-4-pyrrolid inyl]benzamide (TKS159), two polymorphs, forms alpha and beta, were prepared and characterized by means of X-ray powder diffractometry, thermal analysis, infrared spectroscopy and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, both in the solution and solid phases. The X-ray powder diffraction analysis gave different patterns for forms alpha a...

The mononuclear Gd(III) complex, [Gd(L)3(H2O)5] (where L is alizarin yellow R (NaC13H8N3O5)), has been prepared in H2O under reflux condition. The Gd(III) complex has been characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic methods (UV–Vis and FT–IR). The Gd2O3 nanoparticles were prepared by the calcination of the Gd(III) complex in air at different temperatures up to 600 °C for 2 h. The calc...

the mononuclear gd(iii) complex, [gd(l)3(h2o)5] (where l is alizarin yellow r (nac13h8n3o5)), has been prepared in h2o under reflux condition. the gd(iii) complex has been characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic methods (uv–vis and ft–ir). the gd2o3 nanoparticles were prepared by the calcination of the gd(iii) complex in air at different temperatures up to 600 °c for 2 h. the calc...