Germ cell tumors (GCT) are curable cancers, but 10-15% of patients with metastatic disease fail cisplatinbased first-line therapy. While therapeutic options have increased for various other cancers no therapeutic targets have emerged in cisplatin-refractory GCT. L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1-CAM) is commonly expressed in human malignancies and therefore a potential target, however its expressio...

Ovarian granulosa cell tumor (GCT) is a rare, low-grade malignant that accounts for 70% of the sex cord-stromal tumors. It has two histopathologic types with different clinical and biologic features: adult GCT juvenile GCT. Most women diagnosed have favorable prognosis, 5-year survival rate 97%–98%, but feature late relapse; recurrence time could be more than 20 years after diagnosis. Juvenile ...

BACKGROUND Glycerol 3-phosphate cytidylyltransferase (GCT) is an enzyme central to the synthesis of teichoic acids, components of the cell wall in gram positive bacteria. Catalysis by GCT from Enterococcus faecalis and Listeria monocytogenes has been investigated and catalytic properties compared. MATERIAL/METHODS The genes encoding GCT were cloned from genomic DNA and recombinant proteins ex...

BACKGROUND A giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone is a locally aggressive tumor with a propensity for local recurrence. A characteristic pattern of peripheral bone formation has been described in GCT recurrence in soft tissue, and in some pulmonary metastases from benign GCT. Although the bone formation in GCT in supposedly due to bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), the expression pattern of BMPs in ...

Giant cell tumor (GCT) of tendon sheath is a localized form of tenosynovial GCT, which preferentially affects the joints of hands and feet. Chondroid metaplasia is a rare phenomenon in tenosynovial GCT either in localized or diffuse types. The current case investigates the cytological and histopathological features of chondroid GCT of tendon sheath in a 22-year-old female presenting with wrist ...

BACKGROUND To reduce the number of patients needing oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), screening options have been considered, balancing patient comfort, cost and risk of missed diagnosis. Australian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society (ADIPS) recommends glucose challenge test (GCT) as screening for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), while others suggest fasting plasma glucose (FPG). International...

The dedifferentiated giant-cell tumor of the bone is a very rare variant of the giant-cell tumor (GCT). We report the clinical, radiographic and histological findings of a dedifferentiated GCT in which the dedifferentiated component consisted of small round cells. We also comment on previously reported cases of dedifferentiated GCT, discuss the clinical implications of this dual histology, and ...

Cryptorchidism is the most well-defined risk factor for the development of testicular GCT; if uncorrected, the relative risk is 5 to 9 times that of healthy age-matched controls.[1] Approximately 10% of all cases of testicular GCT are associated with cryptorchidism and 10% of patients with cryptorchidism develop testicular GCT.[2,3] When testicular GCT develops in patients with unilateral crypt...

ally involves the metaphysis and epiphysis of long bones. Although the spine is the fourth leading location of GCT, most of these lesions occur in the sacrum, followed by the thoracic, cervical and lumbar vertebrae (1). GCT of bone is a benign, but potentially aggressive lesion that shows local recurrence and metastases. Metastatic lung disease rarely originates from a benign tumor, but this ca...