Based on high-density gauge precipitation observations, high-resolution weather radar quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) and seamless satellite-based precipitation estimates, a 1-km experimental gauge-radar-satellite merged precipitation dataset has been developed using the proposed local gauge correction (LGC) and optimal interpolation (OI) merging strategies. First, hourly precipitat...

Lay et al. (Research Articles, 20 May 2005, p. 1127) estimated a 600-km length for the tsunami source region. Adding tide-gauge data from Paradip, the northernmost of the Indian east-coast stations and therefore the most critical constraint on the northern extent of the source, we estimate that its length was greater by approximately 30%.

The mean sea level trend estimates from shorter records (less than 50 years) are easily influenced by a number of additional transient effects including atmospheric pressure variations, interannual and decadal changes in the mean sea level or various station dependent disturbances, which are not always accounted for in previous studies because their influences may be negligible for stations lon...

The nonstationary characteristics caused by significant variation in hydrometeorological series the context of climate change inevitably have a certain impact on selection an optimal gauging network. This study proposes entropy-based, multi-objective, rain gauge network optimization method to facilitate design 43 stations-based Huaihe River Basin (HRB), China. first goal this is improve accurac...

introduction rainfall erosivity, the propulsion or power of causing erosion in separation and transport of soil particles, is in relation to water erosion. rainfall erosion is causing loss of soil, damage to agriculture and infrastructures which is followed by water pollution. changes in rainfall patterns exacerbate risk of erosion globally. rainfall erosivity plays an effective role in soil er...

characteristics of precipitation and the regionalization major role in the efficient use of water resources and soil and management of environmental hazards. regionalization of rainfall can help to better use of water resources and to correct manage of environmental hazards. according to the analysis of climate phenomena such as precipitation, all data should be related to a homogeneous region,...

We introduce a quantale-valued generalization of approach spaces in terms of quantale-valued gauges. The resulting category is shown to be topological and to possess an initially dense object. Moreover we show that the category of quantale-valued approach spaces defined recently in terms of quantale-valued closures is a coreflective subcategory of our category and, for certain choices of the qu...