filling stations inside the urban environment are known as one of the existing and potential dangers in cities which according to their centralized fire load can be of high safety importance. tehran holds 101 active filling stations faced to extreme accidents and high explosion potentials. in this study, 59 out of 101 gas stations were investigated under the fire risk assessment implementation....

Iran is a country with high seismicity while Tehran, the capital city is home to more than 10 million people which are located on the highest seismic zone of the country. There exist 153 gas stations throughout the metropolitan which are constructed to old building codes with little or no attention to the seismic considerations. In this study which was supported by the National Oil Company, fir...

Battery switching stations (BSS) provide a service that enables extending the traveling range of electric vehicles. Such stations may be the future equivalent of gas stations and they are currently being deployed in several countries. A BSS is a closed loop system that renews its inventory by recharging the batteries. We study the problem of scheduling the charging process in a BSS with the obj...

The exergy analysis is a proper method for performance evaluation of industrial systems. A generic and detailed analysis of the GPCSs on the second gas pipeline of Iran  is made by the means of exergy. The two main improvement measures of fuel pre-heating and steam injection technologies are presented for the current conventional stations. Steady state equations regarding the second law of ther...

The technical equipment developed and used in both installation and operation processes in refineries, oil and gas pipelines, and gas booster stations has always been expensive. Hence, managers at different organizational levels are keen to find methods to control and reduce these costs. Generally speaking, the operators in a gas booster station choose the operating devices without considering ...

One of the issues concerning the replacement of natural gas by green gas is the seasonal pattern of the gas demand. When constant production is assumed, this may limit the injected quantity of green gas into a gas grid to the level of the minimum gas demand in summer. A procedure was proposed to increase the gas demand coverage in a geographical region, i.e., the extent to which natural gas dem...

Studies were carried out on the localization and mapping of gas stations in the urban area of São Carlos city, for an environmental diagnosis related to soil, surface water and underground water contamination resulting from likely leaking in fuel underground storage tanks. Considering that a provision of legal restriction makes it possible that most of public areas are not located in gas statio...

Background: Modern anaesthesia workstations are reassuringly tight and are equipped with effective gas monitoring, thus providing good opportunities for low/minimal flow anaesthesia. A prerequisite for effective low flow anaesthesia is the possibility to rapidly increase and decrease gas concentrations in the circle system, thereby controlling the depth of anaesthesia.  Methods: We studied the ...