A gas-phase reactor with reversible exothermic reactions is the classical example of the many tradeoffs between operating costs and capital costs. Because per-pass conversion is limited by chemical equilibrium, recycle is almost always needed, and this gas recycle is expensive because of the high capital cost and high energy cost of gas compression. At low temperatures, conversion is limited by...

In production of electricity from coal, integrated gasification combined cycle plants typically operate with conventional packed bed reactors for the water-gas shift reaction, and a Selexol process for carbon dioxide removal. Implementation of membrane reactors in place of these two process units provides advantages such as increased carbon monoxide conversion, facilitated CO2 removal/sequestra...

The effect of temperature and hydrogen addition on undesired carbonaceous deposit formation during methane coupling was studied in DBD-plasma catalytic-wall reactors with Pd/Al2O3, using electrical power to drive the reaction. Experiments thin catalyst layers allowed comparison performance empty catalytic wall without significantly influencing plasma properties. product distribution varies stro...

The purpose of this project is to develop hydrogen and CO2 selective membranes to allow combination of natural gas reforming with H2 or CO2 separation in separation enhanced reactors, i.e. membrane reactors, for carbon-free hydrogen production or electricity generation. To achieve this, the project comprises three distinct tasks: system and reactor analysis, membrane materials research and cata...

The chapter, after a general introduction concerning plasmas produced in air at atmospheric pressure, describes the chemical kinetics happening in the plasma gas-phase, focusing on the nitrogen oxides mechanism of formation and elimination. After a general review of the chemical kinetic pattern, we discuss dielectric barrier discharges and their use for NOx remediation. In fact, research concer...

In this paper, a mathematical model is developed to calculate the conversion and the residence time reaction for plug flow and mixed flow in the reactors filled with cylin-drical particles using the shrinking core model. In this modeling, the size of the particles is un-chamged during the reaction. Also, the reaction rate is controlled by the gas layer resistance, the ash layer resistance, and ...

The present paper examined the photocatalytic degradation (PCD) of gas-phase trichloroethylene (TCE) over thin-film TiO2. A large-scale treatment of TCE was carried out using scale-up continuous flow photo-reactor in which nine reactors were arranged in parallel and series. The parallel or serial arrangement is a significant factor to determine the special arrangement of whole reactor module as...

Plasma reactors are interesting for gas-based chemical conversion but the fundamental relation between plasma chemistry and selected conditions remains poorly understood. Apparent kinetic parameters loss formation processes of individual components gas processes, can however be extracted by performing experiments in an extended residence time range (2–75 s) fitting composition to a first-order ...

In the present work, decomposition of benzene as a tar model compound was studied in gas mixture (CO2, H2, CO, and CH4) using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) non-thermal plasma reactor. The combined effect temperature power to investigate performance DBD increased from 49.9 96% with increasing specific input energy (SIE) 2.05 16.4 kWh/m3. major products were lower hydrocarbons (C2–C5) solid ...

In this paper, recent results of plasma processing of natural gas are described. The use of a plasma reformer for the generation of hydrogen rich gas from natural gas has been investigated. In an accompanying paper, progress in plasma reforming of diesel fuel is described. The reformate composition has been investigated as a function of the initial mixture of air and methane. High methane conve...