The optimal distribution of the reinforcing fibers for stiffening hollow cylindrical composites is explored using the linear elasticity theory. The spatial distribution of the vascular bundles in wild bamboo, a nature-designed functionally graded material, is the basis for the design. Our results suggest that wild bamboos maximize their flexural rigidity by optimally regulating the radial grada...

In this study, the manufacturability of new types steel-steel composites on an open-architecture laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) system is demonstrated. A hard martensitic stainless tool steel 440C and a soft austenitic 316L are combined in “multi-material” component with discrete continuous material gradients. Interface engineering accomplished through heat treatment to induce phase transformat...

this work reports the effect of nanotube aspect ratio and waviness index on stress and displacement distributions of functionally graded nanocomposite cylinders reinforced by wavy single walled carbon nanotubes based on a mesh-free method. the mechanical properties of these composites are assumed to be graded along radial direction and estimate by a micro mechanical model. in the mesh-free anal...

in this paper, the influence of the constituent volume fractions by changing the values of the power-law exponent with uniform pressure on the vibration frequencies of reinforced functionally graded cylindrical shells is studied. the fgm shell with ring is developed in accordance to the volume fraction law from two constituents namely stainless steel and nickel. these constituents are graded th...

This article presents a new level-cut, inhomogeneous, filtered Poisson random field model for representing two-phase microstructures of statistically inhomogeneous, functionally graded materials with fully penetrable embedded particles. The model involves an inhomogeneous, filtered Poisson random field comprising a sum of deterministic kernel functions that are scaled by random variables and a ...

this paper deals with the determination of displacement function and thermal stresses of a finite length isotropic functionally graded hollow cylinder subjected to uniform temperature field. the solution of the governing thermoelastic equation is obtained, as suggested by spencer et al. for anisotropic laminates.  numerical calculations are also carried out for fgm (functionally graded material...