The need to interpret imprecise diagrams (those with malformed, missing or extraneous features) occurs in the automated assessment of diagrams. We outline our proposal for an architecture to enable the interpretation of imprecise diagrams. We discuss our preliminary work on an assessment tool, developed within this architecture, for automatically grading answers to a computer architecture exami...

The art of Information Engineering (IE) continuously evolves and, by today's standards, is considered an integral function in most any organization. Strategic planning teams weave methodologies, which are integrated to process information, the goal being to sort, store, and retrieve useful data. The following article will describe three techniques that can utilize existing information engineeri...

In this paper we present i com, a tool for intelligent conceptual modelling. i com allows for the specification of multiple EER diagrams and interand intra-schema constraints. Complete logical reasoning is employed by the tool to verify the specification, infer implicit facts, and manifest any inconsistencies.

In this paper we present an approach to represent schema information, application data and integrity constraints as a datalog program. The schema information is supplied as an enhanced entity relationship (EER) model which is transformed by a one-to-one mapping into a set of ground facts. The application data corresponding to the schema is represented by ground facts as well by using a single p...

This paper gives a cohesive approach to modeling and implementation with graphs. This approach uses extended entity relationship EER diagrams supplemented with the Z-like constraint language GRAL. Due to the foundation of EERRGRAL on Z a common formal basis exists. EERRGRAL descriptions give conceptual models which can be implemented in a seamless manner by eecient data structures using the Gra...

The paper presents an approach to specify in an integrated way by visual, diagrammatic languages the structural and behavioural aspects of database applications. Hereby, well-known extended Entity-Relationship diagrams are employed to specify the structural aspects. The behavioural aspects of a database application are speci ed by using ViAL (Visual Action Language). ViAL speci cations are a sp...

This paper gives a cohesive approach to modeling and implementation with graphs. This approach uses extended entity relationship (EER) diagrams supplemented with the Z-like constraint language GRAL. Due to the foundation of EER/GRAL on Z a common formal basis exists. EER/GRAL descriptions give conceptual models which can be implemented in a seamless manner by eecient data structures using the G...

Entity-Relationship model is an abstract way to describe database. During large scale development, each database designer often focuses on designing a particular part of the system, and the model created by each designer may have overlaps. How to efficiently merge these models to construct a larger model that describes the whole system is an interesting problem. This report explains the impleme...

In this paw=, a normal form for entity-relationship diagrams and the objectives for such a normal form are presented. A normal form entity-relationship diagram may consist of composite attributes, multivalued attributes, and special types of relationship sets such as existence dependent, identifier dependent, ISA, UNION, INTERSECT, and DECOMPOSE relationships. A comprehensive algorithm is given...