This paper is a survey devoted to the transformations $$\begin{aligned} C&\mapsto \frac{1}{(2\pi i)^2}\int _{\Gamma _1}\int _2}f(\lambda ,\mu )\,R_{1,\,\lambda }\,C\, R_{2,\,\mu }\,{\mathrm{d}}\mu \,{\mathrm{d}}\lambda ,\\ \frac{1}{2\pi i}\int }g(\lambda )R_{1,\,\lambda R_{2,\,\lambda }\,{\mathrm{d}}\lambda , \end{aligned}$$ where $$R_{1,\,(\cdot )}$$ and $$R_{2,\,(\cdot are pseudo-resolvents a...