1. Abstract Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) possess continuously graded material properties and are characterized by spatially varying microstructures. Such materials are studied in conjunction with the concept of topology optimization design which determines holes and connectivities of the structure by adding and removing material in the extended fixed design domain. The objective is to d...

Despite dental implantation being a great success, one of the key issues facing it is a mismatch of mechanical properties between engineered and native biomaterials, which makes osseointegration and bone remodeling problematical. Functionally graded material (FGM) has been proposed as a potential upgrade to some conventional implant materials such as titanium for selection in prosthetic dentist...

Zirconia-nickel functionally graded materials were obtained by powder metallurgy technique. The microstructure, residual stress, fracture toughness and Vickers hardness were investigated. Mixed-mode fracture response of YSZ /Ni functionally graded materials was examined utilizing the three point bending test and finite element method (Cosmos/M 2.7). The results show that the stress intensity fac...

in this paper, the influence of the constituent volume fractions by changing the values of the power-law exponent with uniform pressure on the vibration frequencies of reinforced functionally graded cylindrical shells is studied. the fgm shell with ring is developed in accordance to the volume fraction law from two constituents namely stainless steel and nickel. these constituents are graded th...

ÐA functionally graded composite is prepared and the spatial gradation of Young's modulus in the functionally graded material (FGM) is measured. Elastic modulus gradients occur over length scales suitable for experimental mechanics investigations using optical interferometry. Crack tip ®elds are mapped in the FGM under quasi-static loading conditions with cracks oriented perpendicular to the di...

This paper presents a modeling scheme for objects containing multiple materials or functionally graded materials (FGM), i.e. heterogeneous objects. The material composition variations under this modeling scheme are controlled by some reference features termed as “grading sources”. The “grading source” gathers the type of grading, position of grading and a material grading function for controlli...

Spatial variation of material structures is a principal mechanism for creating and controlling spatially varying material properties in nature and engineering. While the spatially varying homogenized properties can be represented by scalar and vector fields on the macroscopic scale, explicit microscopic structures of constituent phases are required to facilitate the visualization, analysis, and...

Abstract. The evolution of Friction Stir Consolidation (FSC) from recycling towards upcycling technique proved to be one the excellent solid-state methods for manufacturing functionally graded billets. Multi-material Functional Graded Materials (FGMs) represent a novel class materials characterized by gradual change in properties and functions which can tailored enhance components performance. ...