In contemporary society we observe an everlasting permeation of electron devices, smartphones, portable computing tools. The tiniest living organisms on Earth could become the key to address this challenge: energy generation by bacterial processes from renewable stocks/waste through devices such as microbial fuel cells (MFCs). However, the application of this solution was limited by a moderatel...

E85 is viewed as a potential alternative fuel to decrease fossil CO2 emissions and dependence on crude oil. As for their conventional counterparts, engines powering flex-fuel vehicles deliver optimal performance when the sensitive areas in the intake system are kept clean and free of deposits. Since no standard tests are available for evaluating the tendency of fuels to form intake valve deposi...

Recently the support of biofuel production has been a politically sensitive topic. Politicians have pushed for support for fuel ethanol production as an environmentally friendly alternative to imported oil, as well as a way to boost farm profits and improve rural livelihoods. Several government policies actively promote ethanol production via tax incentives and mandates, and these policies are ...

Ethyl levulinate (EL) can be produced from bio-based levulinic acid (LA) and ethanol. Experimental investigations were conducted to evaluate and compare the performances and exhaust emission levels of ethyl levulinate as an additive to conventional diesel fuel, with EL percentages of 5%, 10%, 15% (with 2% n-butanol), and 20% (with 5% n-butanol), in a horizontal single-cylinder four stroke diese...

ZSM-5-containing catalytic additives are widely used in oil refineries to boost light olefin production and improve gasoline octanes in the Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) process. Under the hydrothermal conditions present in the FCC regenerator (typically >700 °C and >8% steam), FCC catalysts and additives are subject to deactivation. Zeolites (e.g., Rare Earth USY in the base catalyst and ZSM-...

This research presents effect of triacetin and ethanol as additive to biodiesel (Neem oil methyl ester) on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine at different loads and constant engine speed. Compared with biodiesel, slightly lower brake specific energy consumption for triacetin and ethanol bended fuels was observed. At higher engine loads CO,HC and smoke emission were ...