While frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) is widely used in characterizing the ultrafast pulse optics, analytic signals are often considered time-frequency analysis and signal processing, especially when extracting instantaneous features of events. In this paper we examine phase retrieval (PR) problem CN by their FROG measurements. After establishing ambiguity FROG-PR signals, found that e...

While increasing evidence points to a key role of monocytes in amphibian host defenses, monocytes are also thought to be important in the dissemination and persistent infection caused by ranavirus. However, little is known about the fate of infected macrophages or if ranavirus exploits immune privileged organs, such as the brain, in order to establish a reservoir. The amphibian Xenopus laevis a...

The volume occupied by the extracellular space has been investigated in six types of voluntary muscles: sartorius (frog), semitendinosus (frog), tibialis anticus longus (frog), iliofibularis (frog), rectus abdominis (frog), and diaphragm (rat). With the aid of four types of probe material, three of which are conventionally employed (inulin, sorbitol, sucrose) and one of which is newly introduce...

Frog virus 3 was isolated from a strawberry poison frog (Oophaga pumilio) imported from Nicaragua via Germany to the Netherlands, and its complete genome sequence was determined. Frog virus 3 isolate Op/2015/Netherlands/UU3150324001 is 107,183 bp long and has a nucleotide similarity of 98.26% to the reference Frog virus 3 isolate.

Abstract Hematophagous arthropods often choose predictable feeding sites on their hosts´ body, presumably to maximize blood uptake while minimizing costs. Feeding can be host-specific, mediated by intrinsic host characters and/or specific preferences of the feeder. We investigated site specificity in a community frog-biting midges ( Corethrella spp.) and frog hosts La Gamba, Costa Rica. Midge d...

This article introduces a play-based activity that aims to assist pupils primarily appreciate the concept of speed. An integrative STEM education approach was adopted in determining objectives study. The particularly aimed improve skills using tools and materials strategically, collecting data, reasoning abstractly quantitatively, describing logical connection between distance time. authentic l...

The aim of the study is to demonstrate the presence of intracellular calcium store in frog ventricle based on contractures induced by 4-aminopyridine in calcium-free media. Frog-ventricular strips were subjected to field stimulation at 0.2 Hz and the force of contraction was recorded after stabilization. The preparation was then kept quiescent for some time in solutions with different sodium co...

Habitat suitability mapping highlighted (1) the influence of deep-water overwintering wetlands on suitable habitat for four of five anuran species encountered; (2) the lack of overlap between areas of core habitat for both the northern leopard frog and wood frog compared to the core habitat for both toad species; and (3) the importance of conservation programs in providing grassland components ...

The taxonomy of two similar frogs from the top of the Drakensberg escarpment, the Maluti River Frog and the Phofung River Frog is not settled. I examine the relevant types and type descriptions, and discover a number of errors in the literature. Some of the recent taxonomic changes were found to be unsupported. The Maluti River Frog is assigned to Amietia vertebralis (Hewitt, 1927), and the Pho...