To inform the design and implementation of land-use policies that consider the variety of goods and services people derive from ecosystems, it is essential to understand spatial patterns of individual services, how multiple services relate to each other, and how these relationships vary across spatial scales and localities. Despite the importance of freshwater as a determinant of regional econo...

Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is home of 31% of the world’s freshwater resources1. Proclaimed a human right in July 2010 under the Un Decision 64/292 and recognized in the constitutions of some LAC countries, the availability of clean water in sufficient quantities and quality is essential to human dignity and quality of life. It is also a critical service supporting poverty alleviation...

Since 1993, various public and private institutions have supported the development of a freshwater ornamental industry in Hawai‘i which, based on current success, must be intensive and utilize the latest in culture technologies to remain competitive. Feeding and palatability trials using commercial feeds suggests that very little is understood about the nutritional requirements of the 1500 spec...

This paper presents a new method to calculate the freshwater target for water using networks with single contaminant. The pinch point is determined by exploiting one of the features of water-pinch-analysis: freshwater is only necessary below the pinch. With the known pinch point, the calculation of the freshwater target becomes very simple, especially for the networks with many streams. The res...

Remote lakes, such as lakes from the Maritime Antarctica, can be used as sentinels of climate change, because they are mostly free of direct anthropogenic pressures, and they experience climate change as a main stressor capable of modifying the ecosystem structure and function. In this paper, the content of a lecture that has been presented at the First Conference of Lake Sustainability, which ...

Species identification Gyrodactylids are ubiquitous monogenean ectoparasites on the skin and gills of teleost fish both in marine and freshwater ecosystems. The most recent species compilation lists some 400 gyrodactylid species. Gyrodactylus salaris is a species of this genus found on fins and skin of Atlantic and Baltic salmon in its freshwater phase (Figure 1). The small (0.5 1 mm) parasite ...

Recreational fishing in freshwater ecosystems is a popular pastime in Australia. Although most native fish are endemic, the fauna is depauperate compared to any landmass of similar size. With commercial fishing no longer a major industry in the country’s freshwaters, the future sustainability of these ecosystems will depend heavily on the actions of recreational fishers. However, there has been...

Africa contains about one-fifth of all known species of plants, mammals, and birds, as well as one-sixth of amphibians and reptiles. These species compose some of the world’s most diverse and biologically important ecosystems such as savannahs, tropical forests, coral reef marine and freshwater habitats, wetlands and montane ecosystems. These globally important ecosystems provide the economic f...

Methods We described the biogeographical provinces of lower Mesoamerica (LMA) using presence/absence data of primary and secondary LMA freshwater fishes. We conducted subsequent analyses at the spatial resolution of the biogeographical provinces and described patterns of community composition, species richness, endemism, range size, and the permeability of dispersal barriers between biogeograph...