We consider the problem of providing formal support for working with abstract syntax involving variable binders. Gabbay and Pitts have shown in their work on Fraenkel-Mostowski (FM) set theory how to address this through first-class names: in this paper we present a dependent type theory for programming and reasoning with such names. Our development is based on a categorical axiomatisation of n...

An effective information retrieval system must satisfy different users search intentions expecting a variety of query categories, comprising recency sensitive queries where fresh content is the major user’s requirement. However, using temporal features of documents to measure their freshness remains a hard task since these features may not be accurately represented in recent documents. In this ...

We propose a framework for managing the quality of data replicated optimistically on a database cluster. It is based on a model of quality of data. Qualitalively, we make the difference between “freshness” and “validity” of data. Quantitatively, data quality is expressed through divergence measures between the data read and the same data with perfect quality. Users specify a minimum level of qu...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported the effects of statistics of luminance distribution on visual freshness perception using pictures which included the degradation process of food samples. However, these studies did not examine the effect of individual differences between the same kinds of food. Here we elucidate whether luminance distribution would continue to have a significant effect ...

Fish freshness quality is typically determined by sensory assessment, which relies on the use of trained assessors. Commonly used schemes include Torry and the Quality Index Method (QIM). However it is desirable to find an alternative, instrumental method to provide an objective system for determining fish freshness. Ideally any such method should be reliable, rapid, non-destructive and easy to...

We introduce permissive nominal terms. Nominal terms extend first-order terms with binding. They lack properties of firstand higher-order terms: Terms must be reasoned on in a context of ‘freshness assumptions’; it is not always possible to ‘choose a fresh variable symbol’ for a nominal term; and it is not always possible to ‘alpha-convert a bound variable symbol’. Permissive nominal terms reco...

Mechanisms for controlling object freshness and refresh by are examined. Preliminary trace-driven analysis is preformed to explore object freshness relationships, a possible means of optimizing them based on traffic characteristics is introduced, and possible modifications to current mechanisms are contemplated.

therefore, the objective of this study is to test the feasibility of uv-ir transmission spectroscopy for the non-destructive assessment of the freshness of an individual egg as an alternative for traditional inspection methods. to obtain a considerable variation in freshness, groups consisting of 10 eggs were stored (30 7 oc and 25% 4 rh) for 30 days. data obtained from non-destructive spectral...

Recommender systems usually face the problem of serving the same recommendations across multiple sessions regardless of whether the user is interested in them or not, thereby reducing their effectiveness. To add freshness to the recommended products, we introduce a feedback loop where the set of recommended products in the current session depend on the user’s interaction with the previously rec...

We study decidability of a logic for describing processes with restricted names. We choose a minimal fragment of the Ambient Logic, but the techniques we present should apply to every logic which uses Cardelli and Gordon revelation and hiding operators, and Gabbay and Pitts freshness quantifier. We start from the static fragment of ambient logic that Calcagno, Cardelli and Gordon proved to be d...