A scheme is proposed to desalinate sea water using solar energy for the Thar Desert of India. The scheme has been using solar energy for the Thar Desert of India. The scheme has been designed to produce about 5.25 x 10 m/yr (13860 MG/yr) of fresh water with 11.52 km (4.5 miles) of collector area. The solar collectors are rectangular concrete tubes, half buried in the ground, through which sea w...

Transepithelial potential difference (PD) and net water flux were estimated simultaneously in the posterior part of the intestine isolated from Japanese eels with special reference to the role of cortisol in the sea-water adaptation of the intestine. When cortisol was previously injected into freshwater eels, the serosa negativity of the PD, water flux and osmotic permeability (Po) increased at...

In the near future, fresh water will be very difficult to get and scarce. It is said that in 2025 half of the mankind will live in the areas where fresh water is not enough. Also, UN and WMO are predicting 5 billion people will be in short of even drinking water. Also, in the present, there are some areas where sea water or chloride contained sand are used as mixing water with or without intens...

Fresh-water teleosts, whose blood is hypertonic to the external medium (about 330 m-osmoles/kg. vs. a few m-osmoles/kg.), face the problem of osmotic entry of water and loss of electrolytes, while sea-water teleosts live in an environment (1150 m-osmoles/kg.) which induces osmotic loss of water and a diffusional influx of electrolytes. Many data are available on the electrolyte balance of fish ...

dry areas near the sea can obtain fresh water through solar distillation of saline sea water resources. however, these solar distillation sites produce wastewater as a result of desalination of sea water with high salt concentration. waste must be disposed of with the least effect on the receiving environment (sea, in most cases). initial dilution and its characteristics play important roles in...

Stable isotope analysis has been used successfully to distinguish between several different ice types in an ice tongue floating on sea water in Antarctica. At one critical location this technique has provided the only means of discriminating unambiguously between glacial ice and fresh-water ice formed from desalinated sea water. This part of the ice tongue is now underlain by a layer of desalte...

The effect of salinity on hatching, larval survival and infectivity of Anguillicola crassus was studied under experimental conditions using eggs obtained from naturally infected eels. Egg hatching rate, second-stage larval survival and larval infectivity were maximal in fresh water and declined with increase in salinity. Larvae survived up to 100 d in fresh water, 70 d in 50 % sea water and 40 ...

FLEMING, WARREN R., AND JON G. STANLEY. Effects of rapid changes in salinity on the renal function of a euryhaline teleost. Am. J. Physiol. 2og(5) : 1025-1030. Ig65.--Techniques developed to study renal function of the euryhaline teleost, Fund&s kansae, are described. Effects of a sudden transfer from fresh water to sea water on urine flow and urine and serum osmotic pressures were studied. Glo...