with the french occupation of egypt in 1798 ad, the communication route of britain to india was threatened and a new stage of conflict and competition began between the two countries in eastern mediterranean, ottoman, iran, indian ocean and the persian gulf. although threats temporarily subsided with the french abandoning egypt, but the continuous french expansionism in the east caused them per...

English allows a peculiar type of elliptical wh-questions that can be found only under sluicing, in which the wh-object of the preposition appears not after the preposition but before it, as in “John fixed it, but I don’t remember what with.” Merchant (2002) calls this construction Swiping. This study evaluates two competing syntactic analyses of Swiping, by using data from a novel source: the ...

For the first time the incidence and mortality of breast cancer were estimated in French Guiana, an overseas French Territory of South America. A certified cancer registry collected exhaustive data on breast cancer between 2003 and 2005. The age-standardized rate of breast cancer was 47.1 per 100 000 women. The age-standardized death rate was 11.0 per 100 000 women. Although the standardized in...

Numerous foreign architects and researchers came to Iran from European countries in the first half of the contemporary century to carry out various activities. One of these figures was André Godard, whose cultural and research activities are of special importance in terms of variety and effectiveness. The present study hence aims to discuss the cultural and historical backgrounds that made it p...

France had 65.3 million inhabitants as of 1 January 2012, including 1.9 million in the overseas départements. The population is slightly younger than that of the European Union as a whole. Population growth continues at the same rate, mainly through natural increase. There are now more African than European immigrants living in France. Fertility was practically stable in 2011 (2.01 children per...

In the 18th and 19th century of English literature, there were two generations of English Romantic poetry in Britain, who have produced great influences on the literature world. Those romantic poets were inspired more or less by the French Revolution, and advocated to the people to pursue beauty and inner freedom in nature or art. The most extraordinary features found in their poems are the abu...

I will observe to you that wonderful improvements are making here in various lines. In architecture the wall ofcircumvallation round Paris and the palaces by which we are to be let in and out are nearly compleated [sic], 4 hospitals are to be built instead ofthe old Hotel-Dieu, one of the old bridges has all it's [sic] houses demolished and a second nearly so, a new bridge is begun at the Place...

This paper grounds the critique of the reduction of regions in a country , not only in its geographical and social context but also in its entropic space. The various recent plans leading to the reduction of the number of regions in metropolitan France are discussed, based on the mere distribution in the number of municipalities in the plans and analyzed according to various distribution laws. ...

We develop a model of electoral competition in which citizens choose whether or not to run as candidates; a winner implements her favorite policy. The equilibrium number of candidates depends negatively on the cost of running and positively on the beneets of winning. For some parameter values all equilibria under plurality rule have exactly two candidates, whose positions are distinct. Two-cand...

In this article the structure of subjective well-being (SWB), the relationship between household income and SWB and mean differences in components of SWB in China and the USA are investigated. Both China and the USA were characterized in a three-factor model of SWB (life satisfaction, positive affect and negative affect). Household income was more strongly positively correlated with the three m...