OBJECTIVE During the 2009-2010 H1N1 flu pandemic, many institutions installed alcohol-based hand sanitizer dispensers in public settings in an effort to prevent the spread of the virus. Yet, usage of these dispensers remained low. METHOD Point-of-use reminder signs were designed to emphasize four theoretically grounded health beliefs: perceived susceptibility, social norms, consequences of th...

An explicit design procedure of cross-sections framed tube high-rise buildings via an inverse problem approach is presented. In the formulation, interstory drift ratios and net deformations beams are prescribed. The derived expressions clearly express three-dimensional effect (tube effect) from orthogonal frame. helpful for preliminary because rationally rapidly provided a set target without tr...

Metal Plate Shear Walls (MPSWs) represent an effective, practical and economical system for the seismic protection of existing RC framed buildings. They consist of one or more metallic thin plates, bolted or welded to a stiff steel frame, which are installed in the bays of RC framed structures. A case study of an existing RC residential 5-storey building, designed between the ‘60s and ‘70s of t...

This paper focused on energy consumption and carbon emission for heating and cooling during a building’s operation stage, and examined the energy effects of using Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) as an alternative building material to reinforced concrete (RC) in China’s 31 key cities located in different climate zones. The authors designed two seven-story residential buildings, which were construct...

A procedure for efficient three-dimensional nonlinear time-history analysis of steel framed buildings is derived. It incorporates two types of nonlinear beam elements—the plastic hinge type and the elastofiber type—and nonlinear panel zone elements to model yielding and strain-hardening in moment-frames. Floors and roofs of buildings are modeled using 4-node elastic diaphragm elements. The proc...

Light steel frame (LSF) building systems offer high structural resilience, lower costs due to fast prefabrication, and ability recycle reuse. The main goal of this paper was provide state-of-the-art components for such with the intention be implemented use in nearly-zero energy buildings (NZEBs). A brief historical outline development LSF given, key parameters affecting design were discussed. i...